NAME Unicode::UTF8 - Encoding and decoding of UTF-8 encoding form SYNOPSIS use Unicode::UTF8 qw[decode_utf8 encode_utf8]; use warnings FATAL => 'utf8'; # Promote decoding/encoding warnings into exceptions $string = decode_utf8($octets); $octets = encode_utf8($string); DESCRIPTION This module provides functions to encode and decode UTF-8 encoding form as specified by Unicode and ISO/IEC 10646:2011. FUNCTIONS decode_utf8 Returns an decoded representation of $octets in UTF-8 encoding as a character string. $string = decode_utf8($octets); $string = decode_utf8($octets, $fallback); Issues a warning using warnings category "utf8" if $octets contains ill-formed UTF-8 sequences or encoded code points which can't be interchanged. $fallback is an optional "CODE" reference which provides a error-handling mechanism, allowing customization of error handling. The default error-handling mechanism is to replace any ill-formed UTF-8 sequences or encoded code points which can't be interchanged with REPLACEMENT CHARACTER (U+FFFD). $string = $fallback->($octets, $is_usv, $position); $fallback is invoked with three arguments: $octets, $is_usv and $position. $octets is a sequence of one or more octets containing the maximal subpart of the ill-formed subsequence or encoded code point which can't be interchanged. $is_usv is a boolean indicating whether or not $octets represent a encoded Unicode scalar value. $position is a unsigned integer containing the zero based octet position at which the error occurred within the octets provided to "decode_utf8()". $fallback must return a character string consisting of zero or more Unicode scalar values. Unicode scalar values consist of code points in the range U+0000..U+D7FF and U+E000..U+10FFFF. encode_utf8 Returns an encoded representation of $string in UTF-8 encoding as an octet string. $octets = encode_utf8($string); $octets = encode_utf8($string, $fallback); Issues a warning using warnings category "utf8" if $string contains code points which can't be interchanged or represented in UTF-8 encoding form. $fallback is an optional "CODE" reference which provides a error-handling mechanism, allowing customization of error handling. The default error-handling mechanism is to replace any code points which can't be interchanged or represented in UTF-8 encoding form with REPLACEMENT CHARACTER (U+FFFD). $string = $fallback->($codepoint, $is_usv, $position); $fallback is invoked with three arguments: $codepoint, $is_usv and $position. $codepoint is a unsigned integer containing the code point which can't be interchanged or represented in UTF-8 encoding form. $is_usv is a boolean indicating whether or not $codepoint is a Unicode scalar value. $position is a unsigned integer containing the zero based character position at which the error occurred within the string provided to "encode_utf8()". $fallback must return a character string consisting of zero or more Unicode scalar values.Unicode scalar values consist of code points in the range U+0000..U+D7FF and U+E000..U+10FFFF. EXPORTS None by default. All functions can be exported using the ":all" tag or individually. DIAGNOSTICS Can't decode a wide character string (F) Wide character in octets. Can't decode ill-formed UTF-8 octet sequence <%s> in position %u (W utf8) Encountered an ill-formed UTF-8 octet sequence. <%s> contains a hexadecimal representation of the maximal subpart of the ill-formed subsequence. Can't interchange noncharacter code point U+%.4X at position %u (W utf8, nonchar) Noncharacters is permanently reserved for internal use and that should never be interchanged. Noncharacters consist of the values U+nFFFE and U+nFFFF (where n is from 0 to 10^16) and the values U+FDD0..U+FDEF. Can't represent surrogate code point U+%.4X at position %u in UTF-8 encoding form (W utf8, surrogate) Surrogate code points are designated only for surrogate code units in the UTF-16 character encoding form. Surrogates consist of code points in the range U+D800 to U+DFFF. Can't represent super code point \x{%X} at position %u in UTF-8 encoding form (W utf8, non_unicode) Code points greater than U+10FFFF. Perl's extended codespace. Can't decode ill-formed UTF-X octet sequence <%s> in position %u (F) Encountered an ill-formed octet sequence in Perl's internal representation of wide characters. Please note that the sub-categories of utf8 warning "nonchar", "surrogate" and "non_unicode" is only available on Perl 5.14 or greater. See perllexwarn for available categories and hierarchies. COMPARISON Here is a summary of features for comparison with Encode's UTF-8 implementation: * Simple API which makes use of Perl's standard warning categories. * Recognizes all noncharacters regardless of perl version * Implements Unicode's recommended practice for using U+FFFD. * Good diagnostics in warning/exception messages * Detects and reports inconsistency in Perl's internal representation of wide characters (UTF-X) * Preserves taintedness of decoded $octets or encoded $string * Better performance ~ 600% - 1200% (JA: 600%, AR: 700%, SV: 900%, EN: 1200%, see benchmarks directory in git repository) CONFORMANCE It's the author's believe that this UTF-8 implementation is conformant with the Unicode Standard Version 6.0. Any deviations from the Unicode Standard is to be considered a bug. SEE ALSO Encode SUPPORT BUGS Please report any bugs by email to "bug-unicode-utf8 at rt.cpan.org", or through the web interface at . You will be automatically notified of any progress on the request by the system. SOURCE CODE This is open source software. The code repository is available for public review and contribution under the terms of the license. git clone http://github.com/chansen/p5-unicode-utf8 AUTHOR Christian Hansen "chansen@cpan.org" COPYRIGHT Copyright 2011 by Christian Hansen. This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.