Libav
ismindex.c
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1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2012 Martin Storsjo
3  *
4  * This file is part of Libav.
5  *
6  * Libav is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
7  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
8  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
9  * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
10  *
11  * Libav is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
14  * Lesser General Public License for more details.
15  *
16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
17  * License along with Libav; if not, write to the Free Software
18  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
19  */
20 
21 /*
22  * To create a simple file for smooth streaming:
23  * avconv <normal input/transcoding options> -movflags frag_keyframe foo.ismv
24  * ismindex -n foo foo.ismv
25  * This step creates foo.ism and foo.ismc that is required by IIS for
26  * serving it.
27  *
28  * To pre-split files for serving as static files by a web server without
29  * any extra server support, create the ismv file as above, and split it:
30  * ismindex -split foo.ismv
31  * This step creates a file Manifest and directories QualityLevel(...),
32  * that can be read directly by a smooth streaming player.
33  */
34 
35 #include <stdio.h>
36 #include <string.h>
37 
38 #include "libavformat/avformat.h"
39 #include "libavformat/os_support.h"
40 #include "libavutil/intreadwrite.h"
41 #include "libavutil/mathematics.h"
42 
43 static int usage(const char *argv0, int ret)
44 {
45  fprintf(stderr, "%s [-split] [-n basename] file1 [file2] ...\n", argv0);
46  return ret;
47 }
48 
49 struct MoofOffset {
50  int64_t time;
51  int64_t offset;
52  int64_t duration;
53 };
54 
55 struct Track {
56  const char *name;
57  int64_t duration;
58  int bitrate;
59  int track_id;
61  int width, height;
62  int chunks;
67  int timescale;
68  const char *fourcc;
69  int blocksize;
70  int tag;
71 };
72 
73 struct Tracks {
74  int nb_tracks;
75  int64_t duration;
76  struct Track **tracks;
79 };
80 
81 static int copy_tag(AVIOContext *in, AVIOContext *out, int32_t tag_name)
82 {
83  int32_t size, tag;
84 
85  size = avio_rb32(in);
86  tag = avio_rb32(in);
87  avio_wb32(out, size);
88  avio_wb32(out, tag);
89  if (tag != tag_name)
90  return -1;
91  size -= 8;
92  while (size > 0) {
93  char buf[1024];
94  int len = FFMIN(sizeof(buf), size);
95  if (avio_read(in, buf, len) != len)
96  break;
97  avio_write(out, buf, len);
98  size -= len;
99  }
100  return 0;
101 }
102 
103 static int write_fragment(const char *filename, AVIOContext *in)
104 {
105  AVIOContext *out = NULL;
106  int ret;
107 
108  if ((ret = avio_open2(&out, filename, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE, NULL, NULL)) < 0)
109  return ret;
110  copy_tag(in, out, MKBETAG('m', 'o', 'o', 'f'));
111  copy_tag(in, out, MKBETAG('m', 'd', 'a', 't'));
112 
113  avio_flush(out);
114  avio_close(out);
115 
116  return ret;
117 }
118 
119 static int write_fragments(struct Tracks *tracks, int start_index,
120  AVIOContext *in)
121 {
122  char dirname[100], filename[500];
123  int i, j;
124 
125  for (i = start_index; i < tracks->nb_tracks; i++) {
126  struct Track *track = tracks->tracks[i];
127  const char *type = track->is_video ? "video" : "audio";
128  snprintf(dirname, sizeof(dirname), "QualityLevels(%d)", track->bitrate);
129  mkdir(dirname, 0777);
130  for (j = 0; j < track->chunks; j++) {
131  snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s/Fragments(%s=%"PRId64")",
132  dirname, type, track->offsets[j].time);
133  avio_seek(in, track->offsets[j].offset, SEEK_SET);
134  write_fragment(filename, in);
135  }
136  }
137  return 0;
138 }
139 
140 static int read_tfra(struct Tracks *tracks, int start_index, AVIOContext *f)
141 {
142  int ret = AVERROR_EOF, track_id;
143  int version, fieldlength, i, j;
144  int64_t pos = avio_tell(f);
145  uint32_t size = avio_rb32(f);
146  struct Track *track = NULL;
147 
148  if (avio_rb32(f) != MKBETAG('t', 'f', 'r', 'a'))
149  goto fail;
150  version = avio_r8(f);
151  avio_rb24(f);
152  track_id = avio_rb32(f); /* track id */
153  for (i = start_index; i < tracks->nb_tracks && !track; i++)
154  if (tracks->tracks[i]->track_id == track_id)
155  track = tracks->tracks[i];
156  if (!track) {
157  /* Ok, continue parsing the next atom */
158  ret = 0;
159  goto fail;
160  }
161  fieldlength = avio_rb32(f);
162  track->chunks = avio_rb32(f);
163  track->offsets = av_mallocz(sizeof(*track->offsets) * track->chunks);
164  if (!track->offsets) {
165  ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
166  goto fail;
167  }
168  for (i = 0; i < track->chunks; i++) {
169  if (version == 1) {
170  track->offsets[i].time = avio_rb64(f);
171  track->offsets[i].offset = avio_rb64(f);
172  } else {
173  track->offsets[i].time = avio_rb32(f);
174  track->offsets[i].offset = avio_rb32(f);
175  }
176  for (j = 0; j < ((fieldlength >> 4) & 3) + 1; j++)
177  avio_r8(f);
178  for (j = 0; j < ((fieldlength >> 2) & 3) + 1; j++)
179  avio_r8(f);
180  for (j = 0; j < ((fieldlength >> 0) & 3) + 1; j++)
181  avio_r8(f);
182  if (i > 0)
183  track->offsets[i - 1].duration = track->offsets[i].time -
184  track->offsets[i - 1].time;
185  }
186  if (track->chunks > 0)
187  track->offsets[track->chunks - 1].duration = track->duration -
188  track->offsets[track->chunks - 1].time;
189  ret = 0;
190 
191 fail:
192  avio_seek(f, pos + size, SEEK_SET);
193  return ret;
194 }
195 
196 static int read_mfra(struct Tracks *tracks, int start_index,
197  const char *file, int split)
198 {
199  int err = 0;
200  AVIOContext *f = NULL;
201  int32_t mfra_size;
202 
203  if ((err = avio_open2(&f, file, AVIO_FLAG_READ, NULL, NULL)) < 0)
204  goto fail;
205  avio_seek(f, avio_size(f) - 4, SEEK_SET);
206  mfra_size = avio_rb32(f);
207  avio_seek(f, -mfra_size, SEEK_CUR);
208  if (avio_rb32(f) != mfra_size) {
209  err = AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
210  goto fail;
211  }
212  if (avio_rb32(f) != MKBETAG('m', 'f', 'r', 'a')) {
213  err = AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
214  goto fail;
215  }
216  while (!read_tfra(tracks, start_index, f)) {
217  /* Empty */
218  }
219 
220  if (split)
221  write_fragments(tracks, start_index, f);
222 
223 fail:
224  if (f)
225  avio_close(f);
226  if (err)
227  fprintf(stderr, "Unable to read the MFRA atom in %s\n", file);
228  return err;
229 }
230 
231 static int get_private_data(struct Track *track, AVCodecContext *codec)
232 {
233  track->codec_private_size = codec->extradata_size;
234  track->codec_private = av_mallocz(codec->extradata_size);
235  if (!track->codec_private)
236  return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
237  memcpy(track->codec_private, codec->extradata, codec->extradata_size);
238  return 0;
239 }
240 
241 static int get_video_private_data(struct Track *track, AVCodecContext *codec)
242 {
243  AVIOContext *io = NULL;
244  uint16_t sps_size, pps_size;
245  int err = AVERROR(EINVAL);
246 
247  if (codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VC1)
248  return get_private_data(track, codec);
249 
250  avio_open_dyn_buf(&io);
251  if (codec->extradata_size < 11 || codec->extradata[0] != 1)
252  goto fail;
253  sps_size = AV_RB16(&codec->extradata[6]);
254  if (11 + sps_size > codec->extradata_size)
255  goto fail;
256  avio_wb32(io, 0x00000001);
257  avio_write(io, &codec->extradata[8], sps_size);
258  pps_size = AV_RB16(&codec->extradata[9 + sps_size]);
259  if (11 + sps_size + pps_size > codec->extradata_size)
260  goto fail;
261  avio_wb32(io, 0x00000001);
262  avio_write(io, &codec->extradata[11 + sps_size], pps_size);
263  err = 0;
264 
265 fail:
267  return err;
268 }
269 
270 static int handle_file(struct Tracks *tracks, const char *file, int split)
271 {
272  AVFormatContext *ctx = NULL;
273  int err = 0, i, orig_tracks = tracks->nb_tracks;
274  char errbuf[50], *ptr;
275  struct Track *track;
276 
277  err = avformat_open_input(&ctx, file, NULL, NULL);
278  if (err < 0) {
279  av_strerror(err, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
280  fprintf(stderr, "Unable to open %s: %s\n", file, errbuf);
281  return 1;
282  }
283 
284  err = avformat_find_stream_info(ctx, NULL);
285  if (err < 0) {
286  av_strerror(err, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
287  fprintf(stderr, "Unable to identify %s: %s\n", file, errbuf);
288  goto fail;
289  }
290 
291  if (ctx->nb_streams < 1) {
292  fprintf(stderr, "No streams found in %s\n", file);
293  goto fail;
294  }
295 
296  for (i = 0; i < ctx->nb_streams; i++) {
297  struct Track **temp;
298  AVStream *st = ctx->streams[i];
299  track = av_mallocz(sizeof(*track));
300  if (!track) {
301  err = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
302  goto fail;
303  }
304  temp = av_realloc(tracks->tracks,
305  sizeof(*tracks->tracks) * (tracks->nb_tracks + 1));
306  if (!temp) {
307  av_free(track);
308  err = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
309  goto fail;
310  }
311  tracks->tracks = temp;
312  tracks->tracks[tracks->nb_tracks] = track;
313 
314  track->name = file;
315  if ((ptr = strrchr(file, '/')) != NULL)
316  track->name = ptr + 1;
317 
318  track->bitrate = st->codec->bit_rate;
319  track->track_id = st->id;
320  track->timescale = st->time_base.den;
321  track->duration = st->duration;
322  track->is_audio = st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO;
323  track->is_video = st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO;
324 
325  if (!track->is_audio && !track->is_video) {
326  fprintf(stderr,
327  "Track %d in %s is neither video nor audio, skipping\n",
328  track->track_id, file);
329  av_freep(&tracks->tracks[tracks->nb_tracks]);
330  continue;
331  }
332 
333  tracks->duration = FFMAX(tracks->duration,
335  track->timescale, AV_ROUND_UP));
336 
337  if (track->is_audio) {
338  if (tracks->audio_track < 0)
339  tracks->audio_track = tracks->nb_tracks;
340  tracks->nb_audio_tracks++;
341  track->channels = st->codec->channels;
342  track->sample_rate = st->codec->sample_rate;
343  if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC) {
344  track->fourcc = "AACL";
345  track->tag = 255;
346  track->blocksize = 4;
347  } else if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_WMAPRO) {
348  track->fourcc = "WMAP";
349  track->tag = st->codec->codec_tag;
350  track->blocksize = st->codec->block_align;
351  }
352  get_private_data(track, st->codec);
353  }
354  if (track->is_video) {
355  if (tracks->video_track < 0)
356  tracks->video_track = tracks->nb_tracks;
357  tracks->nb_video_tracks++;
358  track->width = st->codec->width;
359  track->height = st->codec->height;
360  if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264)
361  track->fourcc = "H264";
362  else if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VC1)
363  track->fourcc = "WVC1";
364  get_video_private_data(track, st->codec);
365  }
366 
367  tracks->nb_tracks++;
368  }
369 
370  avformat_close_input(&ctx);
371 
372  err = read_mfra(tracks, orig_tracks, file, split);
373 
374 fail:
375  if (ctx)
376  avformat_close_input(&ctx);
377  return err;
378 }
379 
380 static void output_server_manifest(struct Tracks *tracks,
381  const char *basename)
382 {
383  char filename[1000];
384  FILE *out;
385  int i;
386 
387  snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s.ism", basename);
388  out = fopen(filename, "w");
389  if (!out) {
390  perror(filename);
391  return;
392  }
393  fprintf(out, "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>\n");
394  fprintf(out, "<smil xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/SMIL20/Language\">\n");
395  fprintf(out, "\t<head>\n");
396  fprintf(out, "\t\t<meta name=\"clientManifestRelativePath\" "
397  "content=\"%s.ismc\" />\n", basename);
398  fprintf(out, "\t</head>\n");
399  fprintf(out, "\t<body>\n");
400  fprintf(out, "\t\t<switch>\n");
401  for (i = 0; i < tracks->nb_tracks; i++) {
402  struct Track *track = tracks->tracks[i];
403  const char *type = track->is_video ? "video" : "audio";
404  fprintf(out, "\t\t\t<%s src=\"%s\" systemBitrate=\"%d\">\n",
405  type, track->name, track->bitrate);
406  fprintf(out, "\t\t\t\t<param name=\"trackID\" value=\"%d\" "
407  "valueType=\"data\" />\n", track->track_id);
408  fprintf(out, "\t\t\t</%s>\n", type);
409  }
410  fprintf(out, "\t\t</switch>\n");
411  fprintf(out, "\t</body>\n");
412  fprintf(out, "</smil>\n");
413  fclose(out);
414 }
415 
416 static void print_track_chunks(FILE *out, struct Tracks *tracks, int main,
417  const char *type)
418 {
419  int i, j;
420  struct Track *track = tracks->tracks[main];
421  for (i = 0; i < track->chunks; i++) {
422  for (j = main + 1; j < tracks->nb_tracks; j++) {
423  if (tracks->tracks[j]->is_audio == track->is_audio &&
424  track->offsets[i].duration != tracks->tracks[j]->offsets[i].duration)
425  fprintf(stderr, "Mismatched duration of %s chunk %d in %s and %s\n",
426  type, i, track->name, tracks->tracks[j]->name);
427  }
428  fprintf(out, "\t\t<c n=\"%d\" d=\"%"PRId64"\" />\n",
429  i, track->offsets[i].duration);
430  }
431 }
432 
433 static void output_client_manifest(struct Tracks *tracks,
434  const char *basename, int split)
435 {
436  char filename[1000];
437  FILE *out;
438  int i, j;
439 
440  if (split)
441  snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "Manifest");
442  else
443  snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s.ismc", basename);
444  out = fopen(filename, "w");
445  if (!out) {
446  perror(filename);
447  return;
448  }
449  fprintf(out, "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>\n");
450  fprintf(out, "<SmoothStreamingMedia MajorVersion=\"2\" MinorVersion=\"0\" "
451  "Duration=\"%"PRId64 "\">\n", tracks->duration * 10);
452  if (tracks->video_track >= 0) {
453  struct Track *track = tracks->tracks[tracks->video_track];
454  struct Track *first_track = track;
455  int index = 0;
456  fprintf(out,
457  "\t<StreamIndex Type=\"video\" QualityLevels=\"%d\" "
458  "Chunks=\"%d\" "
459  "Url=\"QualityLevels({bitrate})/Fragments(video={start time})\">\n",
460  tracks->nb_video_tracks, track->chunks);
461  for (i = 0; i < tracks->nb_tracks; i++) {
462  track = tracks->tracks[i];
463  if (!track->is_video)
464  continue;
465  fprintf(out,
466  "\t\t<QualityLevel Index=\"%d\" Bitrate=\"%d\" "
467  "FourCC=\"%s\" MaxWidth=\"%d\" MaxHeight=\"%d\" "
468  "CodecPrivateData=\"",
469  index, track->bitrate, track->fourcc, track->width, track->height);
470  for (j = 0; j < track->codec_private_size; j++)
471  fprintf(out, "%02X", track->codec_private[j]);
472  fprintf(out, "\" />\n");
473  index++;
474  if (track->chunks != first_track->chunks)
475  fprintf(stderr, "Mismatched number of video chunks in %s and %s\n",
476  track->name, first_track->name);
477  }
478  print_track_chunks(out, tracks, tracks->video_track, "video");
479  fprintf(out, "\t</StreamIndex>\n");
480  }
481  if (tracks->audio_track >= 0) {
482  struct Track *track = tracks->tracks[tracks->audio_track];
483  struct Track *first_track = track;
484  int index = 0;
485  fprintf(out,
486  "\t<StreamIndex Type=\"audio\" QualityLevels=\"%d\" "
487  "Chunks=\"%d\" "
488  "Url=\"QualityLevels({bitrate})/Fragments(audio={start time})\">\n",
489  tracks->nb_audio_tracks, track->chunks);
490  for (i = 0; i < tracks->nb_tracks; i++) {
491  track = tracks->tracks[i];
492  if (!track->is_audio)
493  continue;
494  fprintf(out,
495  "\t\t<QualityLevel Index=\"%d\" Bitrate=\"%d\" "
496  "FourCC=\"%s\" SamplingRate=\"%d\" Channels=\"%d\" "
497  "BitsPerSample=\"16\" PacketSize=\"%d\" "
498  "AudioTag=\"%d\" CodecPrivateData=\"",
499  index, track->bitrate, track->fourcc, track->sample_rate,
500  track->channels, track->blocksize, track->tag);
501  for (j = 0; j < track->codec_private_size; j++)
502  fprintf(out, "%02X", track->codec_private[j]);
503  fprintf(out, "\" />\n");
504  index++;
505  if (track->chunks != first_track->chunks)
506  fprintf(stderr, "Mismatched number of audio chunks in %s and %s\n",
507  track->name, first_track->name);
508  }
509  print_track_chunks(out, tracks, tracks->audio_track, "audio");
510  fprintf(out, "\t</StreamIndex>\n");
511  }
512  fprintf(out, "</SmoothStreamingMedia>\n");
513  fclose(out);
514 }
515 
516 static void clean_tracks(struct Tracks *tracks)
517 {
518  int i;
519  for (i = 0; i < tracks->nb_tracks; i++) {
520  av_freep(&tracks->tracks[i]->codec_private);
521  av_freep(&tracks->tracks[i]->offsets);
522  av_freep(&tracks->tracks[i]);
523  }
524  av_freep(&tracks->tracks);
525  tracks->nb_tracks = 0;
526 }
527 
528 int main(int argc, char **argv)
529 {
530  const char *basename = NULL;
531  int split = 0, i;
532  struct Tracks tracks = { 0, .video_track = -1, .audio_track = -1 };
533 
534  av_register_all();
535 
536  for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
537  if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-n")) {
538  basename = argv[i + 1];
539  i++;
540  } else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-split")) {
541  split = 1;
542  } else if (argv[i][0] == '-') {
543  return usage(argv[0], 1);
544  } else {
545  if (handle_file(&tracks, argv[i], split))
546  return 1;
547  }
548  }
549  if (!tracks.nb_tracks || (!basename && !split))
550  return usage(argv[0], 1);
551 
552  if (!split)
553  output_server_manifest(&tracks, basename);
554  output_client_manifest(&tracks, basename, split);
555 
556  clean_tracks(&tracks);
557 
558  return 0;
559 }