/************************************************

  init.c -

  created at: Thu Mar 31 12:21:29 JST 1994

  Copyright (C) 1993-2007 Yukihiro Matsumoto

************************************************/

#include "rubysocket.h"

#ifdef _WIN32
VALUE rb_w32_conv_from_wchar(const WCHAR *wstr, rb_encoding *enc);
#endif

VALUE rb_cBasicSocket;
VALUE rb_cIPSocket;
VALUE rb_cTCPSocket;
VALUE rb_cTCPServer;
VALUE rb_cUDPSocket;
#ifdef AF_UNIX
VALUE rb_cUNIXSocket;
VALUE rb_cUNIXServer;
#endif
VALUE rb_cSocket;
VALUE rb_cAddrinfo;

VALUE rb_eSocket;
VALUE rb_eResolution;

#ifdef SOCKS
VALUE rb_cSOCKSSocket;
#endif

int rsock_do_not_reverse_lookup = 1;
static VALUE sym_wait_readable;
static ID id_error_code;

void
rsock_raise_resolution_error(const char *reason, int error)
{
#ifdef EAI_SYSTEM
    int e;
    if (error == EAI_SYSTEM && (e = errno) != 0)
        rb_syserr_fail(e, reason);
#endif
#ifdef _WIN32
    rb_encoding *enc = rb_default_internal_encoding();
    VALUE msg = rb_sprintf("%s: ", reason);
    if (!enc) enc = rb_default_internal_encoding();
    rb_str_concat(msg, rb_w32_conv_from_wchar(gai_strerrorW(error), enc));
#else
    VALUE msg = rb_sprintf("%s: %s", reason, gai_strerror(error));
#endif

    StringValue(msg);
    VALUE self = rb_class_new_instance(1, &msg, rb_eResolution);
    rb_ivar_set(self, id_error_code, INT2NUM(error));
    rb_exc_raise(self);
}

#if defined __APPLE__
# define do_write_retry(code) do {ret = code;} while (ret == -1 && errno == EPROTOTYPE)
#else
# define do_write_retry(code) ret = code
#endif

VALUE
rsock_init_sock(VALUE sock, int fd)
{
    rb_io_t *fp;

    rb_update_max_fd(fd);
    MakeOpenFile(sock, fp);
    fp->fd = fd;
    fp->mode = FMODE_READWRITE|FMODE_DUPLEX;
    rb_io_ascii8bit_binmode(sock);
    if (rsock_do_not_reverse_lookup) {
        fp->mode |= FMODE_NOREVLOOKUP;
    }
    rb_io_synchronized(fp);

    return sock;
}

VALUE
rsock_sendto_blocking(void *data)
{
    struct rsock_send_arg *arg = data;
    VALUE mesg = arg->mesg;
    ssize_t ret;
    do_write_retry(sendto(arg->fd, RSTRING_PTR(mesg), RSTRING_LEN(mesg),
                          arg->flags, arg->to, arg->tolen));
    return (VALUE)ret;
}

VALUE
rsock_send_blocking(void *data)
{
    struct rsock_send_arg *arg = data;
    VALUE mesg = arg->mesg;
    ssize_t ret;
    do_write_retry(send(arg->fd, RSTRING_PTR(mesg), RSTRING_LEN(mesg),
                        arg->flags));
    return (VALUE)ret;
}

struct recvfrom_arg {
    rb_io_t *fptr;
    int fd, flags;
    VALUE str;
    size_t length;
    socklen_t alen;
    union_sockaddr buf;
};

static VALUE
recvfrom_blocking(void *data)
{
    struct recvfrom_arg *arg = data;
    socklen_t len0 = arg->alen;
    ssize_t ret;
    ret = recvfrom(arg->fd, RSTRING_PTR(arg->str), arg->length,
                   arg->flags, &arg->buf.addr, &arg->alen);

    if (ret != -1 && len0 < arg->alen)
        arg->alen = len0;

    return (VALUE)ret;
}

static VALUE
rsock_strbuf(VALUE str, long buflen)
{
    long len;

    if (NIL_P(str)) return rb_str_new(0, buflen);

    StringValue(str);
    len = RSTRING_LEN(str);
    if (len >= buflen) {
        rb_str_modify(str);
    } else {
        rb_str_modify_expand(str, buflen - len);
    }
    return str;
}

static VALUE
recvfrom_locktmp(VALUE v)
{
    struct recvfrom_arg *arg = (struct recvfrom_arg *)v;

    return rb_io_blocking_region(arg->fptr, recvfrom_blocking, arg);
}

int
rsock_is_dgram(rb_io_t *fptr)
{
    int socktype;
    socklen_t optlen = (socklen_t)sizeof(socktype);
    int ret = getsockopt(fptr->fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_TYPE, (void*)&socktype, &optlen);
    if (ret == -1) {
        rb_sys_fail("getsockopt(SO_TYPE)");
    }
    return socktype == SOCK_DGRAM;
}

VALUE
rsock_s_recvfrom(VALUE socket, int argc, VALUE *argv, enum sock_recv_type from)
{
    rb_io_t *fptr;
    VALUE str;
    struct recvfrom_arg arg;
    VALUE len, flg;
    long buflen;
    long slen;

    rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "12", &len, &flg, &str);

    if (flg == Qnil)
        arg.flags = 0;
    else
        arg.flags = NUM2INT(flg);

    buflen = NUM2INT(len);
    str = rsock_strbuf(str, buflen);

    RB_IO_POINTER(socket, fptr);

    if (rb_io_read_pending(fptr)) {
        rb_raise(rb_eIOError, "recv for buffered IO");
    }

    arg.fptr = fptr;
    arg.fd = fptr->fd;
    arg.alen = (socklen_t)sizeof(arg.buf);
    arg.str = str;
    arg.length = buflen;

    while (true) {
        rb_io_check_closed(fptr);

#ifdef RSOCK_WAIT_BEFORE_BLOCKING
        rb_io_wait(fptr->self, RB_INT2NUM(RUBY_IO_READABLE), Qnil);
#endif

        rb_str_locktmp(str);
        slen = (long)rb_ensure(recvfrom_locktmp, (VALUE)&arg, rb_str_unlocktmp, str);

        if (slen == 0 && !rsock_is_dgram(fptr)) {
            return Qnil;
        }
        if (slen >= 0) break;

        if (!rb_io_maybe_wait_readable(errno, socket, RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT))
            rb_sys_fail("recvfrom(2)");
    }

    /* Resize the string to the amount of data received */
    rb_str_set_len(str, slen);
    switch (from) {
      case RECV_RECV:
        return str;
      case RECV_IP:
#if 0
        if (arg.alen != sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)) {
            rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "sockaddr size differs - should not happen");
        }
#endif
        if (arg.alen && arg.alen != sizeof(arg.buf)) /* OSX doesn't return a from result for connection-oriented sockets */
            return rb_assoc_new(str, rsock_ipaddr(&arg.buf.addr, arg.alen, fptr->mode & FMODE_NOREVLOOKUP));
        else
            return rb_assoc_new(str, Qnil);

#ifdef HAVE_TYPE_STRUCT_SOCKADDR_UN
      case RECV_UNIX:
        return rb_assoc_new(str, rsock_unixaddr(&arg.buf.un, arg.alen));
#endif
      case RECV_SOCKET:
        return rb_assoc_new(str, rsock_io_socket_addrinfo(socket, &arg.buf.addr, arg.alen));
      default:
        rb_bug("rsock_s_recvfrom called with bad value");
    }
}

VALUE
rsock_s_recvfrom_nonblock(VALUE sock, VALUE len, VALUE flg, VALUE str,
                          VALUE ex, enum sock_recv_type from)
{
    rb_io_t *fptr;
    union_sockaddr buf;
    socklen_t alen = (socklen_t)sizeof buf;
    long buflen;
    long slen;
    int fd, flags;
    VALUE addr = Qnil;
    socklen_t len0;

    flags = NUM2INT(flg);
    buflen = NUM2INT(len);
    str = rsock_strbuf(str, buflen);

#ifdef MSG_DONTWAIT
    /* MSG_DONTWAIT avoids the race condition between fcntl and recvfrom.
       It is not portable, though. */
    flags |= MSG_DONTWAIT;
#endif

    GetOpenFile(sock, fptr);
    if (rb_io_read_pending(fptr)) {
        rb_raise(rb_eIOError, "recvfrom for buffered IO");
    }
    fd = fptr->fd;

    rb_io_check_closed(fptr);

    if (!MSG_DONTWAIT_RELIABLE)
        rb_io_set_nonblock(fptr);

    len0 = alen;
    slen = recvfrom(fd, RSTRING_PTR(str), buflen, flags, &buf.addr, &alen);
    if (slen != -1 && len0 < alen)
        alen = len0;

    if (slen == 0 && !rsock_is_dgram(fptr)) {
        return Qnil;
    }

    if (slen < 0) {
        int e = errno;
        switch (e) {
          case EAGAIN:
#if defined(EWOULDBLOCK) && EWOULDBLOCK != EAGAIN
          case EWOULDBLOCK:
#endif
            if (ex == Qfalse)
                return sym_wait_readable;
            rb_readwrite_syserr_fail(RB_IO_WAIT_READABLE, e, "recvfrom(2) would block");
        }
        rb_syserr_fail(e, "recvfrom(2)");
    }
    if (slen != RSTRING_LEN(str)) {
        rb_str_set_len(str, slen);
    }
    switch (from) {
      case RECV_RECV:
        return str;

      case RECV_IP:
        if (alen && alen != sizeof(buf)) /* connection-oriented socket may not return a from result */
            addr = rsock_ipaddr(&buf.addr, alen, fptr->mode & FMODE_NOREVLOOKUP);
        break;

      case RECV_SOCKET:
        addr = rsock_io_socket_addrinfo(sock, &buf.addr, alen);
        break;

      default:
        rb_bug("rsock_s_recvfrom_nonblock called with bad value");
    }
    return rb_assoc_new(str, addr);
}

#if MSG_DONTWAIT_RELIABLE
static VALUE sym_wait_writable;

/* copied from io.c :< */
static long
read_buffered_data(char *ptr, long len, rb_io_t *fptr)
{
    int n = fptr->rbuf.len;

    if (n <= 0) return 0;
    if (n > len) n = (int)len;
    MEMMOVE(ptr, fptr->rbuf.ptr+fptr->rbuf.off, char, n);
    fptr->rbuf.off += n;
    fptr->rbuf.len -= n;
    return n;
}

/* :nodoc: */
VALUE
rsock_read_nonblock(VALUE sock, VALUE length, VALUE buf, VALUE ex)
{
    rb_io_t *fptr;
    long n;
    long len = NUM2LONG(length);
    VALUE str = rsock_strbuf(buf, len);
    char *ptr;

    GetOpenFile(sock, fptr);

    if (len == 0) {
        rb_str_set_len(str, 0);
        return str;
    }

    ptr = RSTRING_PTR(str);
    n = read_buffered_data(ptr, len, fptr);
    if (n <= 0) {
        n = (long)recv(fptr->fd, ptr, len, MSG_DONTWAIT);
        if (n < 0) {
            int e = errno;
            if ((e == EWOULDBLOCK || e == EAGAIN)) {
                if (ex == Qfalse) return sym_wait_readable;
                rb_readwrite_syserr_fail(RB_IO_WAIT_READABLE,
                                         e, "read would block");
            }
            rb_syserr_fail_path(e, fptr->pathv);
        }
    }
    if (n != RSTRING_LEN(str)) {
        rb_str_modify(str);
        rb_str_set_len(str, n);
    }
    if (n == 0) {
        if (ex == Qfalse) return Qnil;
        rb_eof_error();
    }

    return str;
}

/* :nodoc: */
VALUE
rsock_write_nonblock(VALUE sock, VALUE str, VALUE ex)
{
    rb_io_t *fptr;
    long n;

    if (!RB_TYPE_P(str, T_STRING))
        str = rb_obj_as_string(str);

    sock = rb_io_get_write_io(sock);
    GetOpenFile(sock, fptr);
    rb_io_check_writable(fptr);

    /*
     * As with IO#write_nonblock, we may block if somebody is relying on
     * buffered I/O; but nobody actually hits this because pipes and sockets
     * are not userspace-buffered in Ruby by default.
     */
    if (fptr->wbuf.len > 0) {
        rb_io_flush(sock);
    }

#ifdef __APPLE__
  again:
#endif
    n = (long)send(fptr->fd, RSTRING_PTR(str), RSTRING_LEN(str), MSG_DONTWAIT);
    if (n < 0) {
        int e = errno;

#ifdef __APPLE__
        if (e == EPROTOTYPE) {
            goto again;
        }
#endif
        if (e == EWOULDBLOCK || e == EAGAIN) {
            if (ex == Qfalse) return sym_wait_writable;
            rb_readwrite_syserr_fail(RB_IO_WAIT_WRITABLE, e,
                                     "write would block");
        }
        rb_syserr_fail_path(e, fptr->pathv);
    }

    return LONG2FIX(n);
}
#endif /* MSG_DONTWAIT_RELIABLE */

static int
rsock_socket0(int domain, int type, int proto)
{
#ifdef SOCK_CLOEXEC
    type |= SOCK_CLOEXEC;
#endif

#ifdef SOCK_NONBLOCK
    type |= SOCK_NONBLOCK;
#endif

    int result = socket(domain, type, proto);

    if (result == -1)
        return -1;

    rb_fd_fix_cloexec(result);

#ifndef SOCK_NONBLOCK
    rsock_make_fd_nonblock(result);
#endif

    return result;
}

int
rsock_socket(int domain, int type, int proto)
{
    int fd;

    fd = rsock_socket0(domain, type, proto);
    if (fd < 0) {
        if (rb_gc_for_fd(errno)) {
            fd = rsock_socket0(domain, type, proto);
        }
    }
    if (0 <= fd)
        rb_update_max_fd(fd);
    return fd;
}

/* emulate blocking connect behavior on EINTR or non-blocking socket */
static int
wait_connectable(VALUE self, VALUE timeout)
{
    int sockerr;
    socklen_t sockerrlen;
    int fd = rb_io_descriptor(self);

    sockerrlen = (socklen_t)sizeof(sockerr);
    if (getsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR, (void *)&sockerr, &sockerrlen) < 0)
        return -1;

    /* necessary for non-blocking sockets (at least ECONNREFUSED) */
    switch (sockerr) {
      case 0:
        break;
#ifdef EALREADY
      case EALREADY:
#endif
#ifdef EISCONN
      case EISCONN:
#endif
#ifdef ECONNREFUSED
      case ECONNREFUSED:
#endif
#ifdef EHOSTUNREACH
      case EHOSTUNREACH:
#endif
        errno = sockerr;
        return -1;
    }

    /*
     * Stevens book says, successful finish turn on RB_WAITFD_OUT and
     * failure finish turn on both RB_WAITFD_IN and RB_WAITFD_OUT.
     * So it's enough to wait only RB_WAITFD_OUT and check the pending error
     * by getsockopt().
     *
     * Note: rb_wait_for_single_fd already retries on EINTR/ERESTART
     */
    VALUE result = rb_io_wait(self, RB_INT2NUM(RUBY_IO_READABLE|RUBY_IO_WRITABLE), timeout);

    if (result == Qfalse) {
        rb_raise(rb_eIOTimeoutError, "Connect timed out!");
    }

    int revents = RB_NUM2INT(result);

    if (revents < 0)
        return -1;

    sockerrlen = (socklen_t)sizeof(sockerr);
    if (getsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR, (void *)&sockerr, &sockerrlen) < 0)
        return -1;

    switch (sockerr) {
      case 0:
        /*
         * be defensive in case some platforms set SO_ERROR on the original,
         * interrupted connect()
         */
      case EINTR:
#ifdef ERESTART
      case ERESTART:
#endif
      case EAGAIN:
#ifdef EINPROGRESS
      case EINPROGRESS:
#endif
#ifdef EALREADY
      case EALREADY:
#endif
#ifdef EISCONN
      case EISCONN:
#endif
        return 0; /* success */
      default:
        /* likely (but not limited to): ECONNREFUSED, ETIMEDOUT, EHOSTUNREACH */
        errno = sockerr;
        return -1;
    }

    return 0;
}

struct connect_arg {
    int fd;
    socklen_t len;
    const struct sockaddr *sockaddr;
};

static VALUE
connect_blocking(void *data)
{
    struct connect_arg *arg = data;
    return (VALUE)connect(arg->fd, arg->sockaddr, arg->len);
}

#if defined(SOCKS) && !defined(SOCKS5)
static VALUE
socks_connect_blocking(void *data)
{
    struct connect_arg *arg = data;
    return (VALUE)Rconnect(arg->fd, arg->sockaddr, arg->len);
}
#endif

int
rsock_connect(VALUE self, const struct sockaddr *sockaddr, int len, int socks, VALUE timeout)
{
    int descriptor = rb_io_descriptor(self);
    rb_blocking_function_t *func = connect_blocking;
    struct connect_arg arg = {.fd = descriptor, .sockaddr = sockaddr, .len = len};

    rb_io_t *fptr;
    RB_IO_POINTER(self, fptr);

#if defined(SOCKS) && !defined(SOCKS5)
    if (socks) func = socks_connect_blocking;
#endif
    int status = (int)rb_io_blocking_region(fptr, func, &arg);

    if (status < 0) {
        switch (errno) {
          case EINTR:
#ifdef ERESTART
          case ERESTART:
#endif
          case EAGAIN:
#ifdef EINPROGRESS
          case EINPROGRESS:
#endif
            return wait_connectable(self, timeout);
        }
    }
    return status;
}

void
rsock_make_fd_nonblock(int fd)
{
#ifdef _WIN32
    return;
#endif

    int flags;
#ifdef F_GETFL
    flags = fcntl(fd, F_GETFL);
    if (flags == -1) {
        rb_sys_fail("fnctl(2)");
    }
#else
    flags = 0;
#endif
    flags |= O_NONBLOCK;
    if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFL, flags) == -1) {
        rb_sys_fail("fnctl(2)");
    }
}

static int
cloexec_accept(int socket, struct sockaddr *address, socklen_t *address_len)
{
    socklen_t len0 = 0;
    if (address_len) len0 = *address_len;

#ifdef HAVE_ACCEPT4
    int flags = SOCK_CLOEXEC;

#ifdef SOCK_NONBLOCK
    flags |= SOCK_NONBLOCK;
#endif

    int result = accept4(socket, address, address_len, flags);
    if (result == -1) return -1;

#ifndef SOCK_NONBLOCK
    rsock_make_fd_nonblock(result);
#endif
#else
    int result = accept(socket, address, address_len);
    if (result == -1) return -1;

    rb_maygvl_fd_fix_cloexec(result);
    rsock_make_fd_nonblock(result);
#endif

    if (address_len && len0 < *address_len) *address_len = len0;
    return result;
}

VALUE
rsock_s_accept_nonblock(VALUE klass, VALUE ex, rb_io_t *fptr,
                        struct sockaddr *sockaddr, socklen_t *len)
{
    int fd2;

    rb_io_set_nonblock(fptr);
    fd2 = cloexec_accept(fptr->fd, (struct sockaddr*)sockaddr, len);
    if (fd2 < 0) {
        int e = errno;
        switch (e) {
          case EAGAIN:
#if defined(EWOULDBLOCK) && EWOULDBLOCK != EAGAIN
          case EWOULDBLOCK:
#endif
          case ECONNABORTED:
#if defined EPROTO
          case EPROTO:
#endif
            if (ex == Qfalse)
                return sym_wait_readable;
            rb_readwrite_syserr_fail(RB_IO_WAIT_READABLE, e, "accept(2) would block");
        }
        rb_syserr_fail(e, "accept(2)");
    }
    rb_update_max_fd(fd2);
    return rsock_init_sock(rb_obj_alloc(klass), fd2);
}

struct accept_arg {
    int fd;
    struct sockaddr *sockaddr;
    socklen_t *len;
};

static VALUE
accept_blocking(void *data)
{
    struct accept_arg *arg = data;
    return (VALUE)cloexec_accept(arg->fd, arg->sockaddr, arg->len);
}

VALUE
rsock_s_accept(VALUE klass, VALUE io, struct sockaddr *sockaddr, socklen_t *len)
{
    rb_io_t *fptr = NULL;
    RB_IO_POINTER(io, fptr);

    struct accept_arg accept_arg = {
        .fd = fptr->fd,
        .sockaddr = sockaddr,
        .len = len
    };

    int retry = 0, peer;

  retry:
#ifdef RSOCK_WAIT_BEFORE_BLOCKING
    rb_io_wait(fptr->self, RB_INT2NUM(RUBY_IO_READABLE), Qnil);
#endif
    peer = (int)rb_io_blocking_region(fptr, accept_blocking, &accept_arg);
    if (peer < 0) {
        int error = errno;

        switch (error) {
          case EMFILE:
          case ENFILE:
          case ENOMEM:
            if (retry) break;
            rb_gc();
            retry = 1;
            goto retry;
          default:
            if (!rb_io_maybe_wait_readable(error, io, RUBY_IO_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT)) break;
            retry = 0;
            goto retry;
        }

        rb_syserr_fail(error, "accept(2)");
    }

    rb_update_max_fd(peer);

    if (!klass) return INT2NUM(peer);

    return rsock_init_sock(rb_obj_alloc(klass), peer);
}

int
rsock_getfamily(rb_io_t *fptr)
{
    union_sockaddr ss;
    socklen_t sslen = (socklen_t)sizeof(ss);
    int cached = fptr->mode & FMODE_SOCK;

    if (cached) {
        switch (cached) {
#ifdef AF_UNIX
          case FMODE_UNIX: return AF_UNIX;
#endif
          case FMODE_INET: return AF_INET;
          case FMODE_INET6: return AF_INET6;
        }
    }

    ss.addr.sa_family = AF_UNSPEC;
    if (getsockname(fptr->fd, &ss.addr, &sslen) < 0)
        return AF_UNSPEC;

    switch (ss.addr.sa_family) {
#ifdef AF_UNIX
      case AF_UNIX: fptr->mode |= FMODE_UNIX; break;
#endif
      case AF_INET: fptr->mode |= FMODE_INET; break;
      case AF_INET6: fptr->mode |= FMODE_INET6; break;
    }

    return ss.addr.sa_family;
}

/*
 * call-seq:
 *   error_code     -> integer
 *
 * Returns the raw error code indicating the cause of the hostname resolution failure.
 *
 *    begin
 *      Addrinfo.getaddrinfo("ruby-lang.org", nil)
 *    rescue Socket::ResolutionError => e
 *      if e.error_code == Socket::EAI_AGAIN
 *        puts "Temporary failure in name resolution."
 *      end
 *    end
 *
 * Note that error codes depend on the operating system.
 */
static VALUE
sock_resolv_error_code(VALUE self)
{
    return rb_attr_get(self, id_error_code);
}

void
rsock_init_socket_init(void)
{
    /*
     * SocketError is the error class for socket.
     */
    rb_eSocket = rb_define_class("SocketError", rb_eStandardError);
    /*
     * Socket::ResolutionError is the error class for hostname resolution.
     */
    rb_eResolution = rb_define_class_under(rb_cSocket, "ResolutionError", rb_eSocket);
    rb_define_method(rb_eResolution, "error_code", sock_resolv_error_code, 0);
    rsock_init_ipsocket();
    rsock_init_tcpsocket();
    rsock_init_tcpserver();
    rsock_init_sockssocket();
    rsock_init_udpsocket();
    rsock_init_unixsocket();
    rsock_init_unixserver();
    rsock_init_sockopt();
    rsock_init_ancdata();
    rsock_init_addrinfo();
    rsock_init_sockifaddr();
    rsock_init_socket_constants();

    id_error_code = rb_intern_const("error_code");

#undef rb_intern
    sym_wait_readable = ID2SYM(rb_intern("wait_readable"));

#if MSG_DONTWAIT_RELIABLE
    sym_wait_writable = ID2SYM(rb_intern("wait_writable"));
#endif
}
