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Selective display refers to a pair of related features for hiding certain lines on the screen.
The first variant, explicit selective display, is designed for use in a Lisp program: it controls which lines are hidden by altering the text. The invisible text feature (see Invisible Text) has partially replaced this feature.
In the second variant, the choice of lines to hide is made automatically based on indentation. This variant is designed to be a user-level feature.
The way you control explicit selective display is by replacing a newline (control-j) with a carriage return (control-m). The text that was formerly a line following that newline is now invisible. Strictly speaking, it is temporarily no longer a line at all, since only newlines can separate lines; it is now part of the previous line.
Selective display does not directly affect editing commands. For
example, C-f (forward-char) moves point unhesitatingly into
invisible text. However, the replacement of newline characters with
carriage return characters affects some editing commands. For example,
next-line skips invisible lines, since it searches only for
newlines. Modes that use selective display can also define commands
that take account of the newlines, or that make parts of the text
visible or invisible.
When you write a selectively displayed buffer into a file, all the control-m's are output as newlines. This means that when you next read in the file, it looks OK, with nothing invisible. The selective display effect is seen only within Emacs.
This buffer-local variable enables selective display. This means that lines, or portions of lines, may be made invisible.
- If the value of
selective-displayist, then the character control-m marks the start of invisible text; the control-m, and the rest of the line following it, are not displayed. This is explicit selective display.- If the value of
selective-displayis a positive integer, then lines that start with more than that many columns of indentation are not displayed.When some portion of a buffer is invisible, the vertical movement commands operate as if that portion did not exist, allowing a single
next-linecommand to skip any number of invisible lines. However, character movement commands (such asforward-char) do not skip the invisible portion, and it is possible (if tricky) to insert or delete text in an invisible portion.In the examples below, we show the display appearance of the buffer
foo, which changes with the value ofselective-display. The contents of the buffer do not change.(setq selective-display nil) => nil ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- 1 on this column 2on this column 3n this column 3n this column 2on this column 1 on this column ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- (setq selective-display 2) => 2 ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- 1 on this column 2on this column 2on this column 1 on this column ---------- Buffer: foo ----------
If this buffer-local variable is non-
nil, then Emacs displays ‘...’ at the end of a line that is followed by invisible text. This example is a continuation of the previous one.(setq selective-display-ellipses t) => t ---------- Buffer: foo ---------- 1 on this column 2on this column ... 2on this column 1 on this column ---------- Buffer: foo ----------You can use a display table to substitute other text for the ellipsis (‘...’). See Display Tables.