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The M-x replace-string command replaces exact matches for a single string. The similar command M-x replace-regexp replaces any match for a specified pattern.
In replace-regexp
, the newstring need not be constant: it
can refer to all or part of what is matched by the regexp.
`\&' in newstring stands for the entire match being replaced.
`\d' in newstring, where d is a digit, stands for
whatever matched the dth parenthesized grouping in regexp.
To include a `\' in the text to replace with, you must enter
`\\'. For example,
M-x replace-regexp <RET> c[ad]+r <RET> \&-safe <RET>
replaces (for example) `cadr' with `cadr-safe' and `cddr' with `cddr-safe'.
M-x replace-regexp <RET> \(c[ad]+r\)-safe <RET> \1 <RET>
performs the inverse transformation.