                 TITLE 18--CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
 
                       PART II--CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
 
                CHAPTER 229--POSTSENTENCE ADMINISTRATION
 
                           SUBCHAPTER B--FINES
 
Sec. 3613. Civil remedies for satisfaction of an unpaid fine

    (a) Enforcement.--The United States may enforce a judgment imposing 
a fine in accordance with the practices and procedures for the 
enforcement of a civil judgment under Federal law or State law. 
Notwithstanding any other Federal law (including section 207 of the 
Social Security Act), a judgment imposing a fine may be enforced against 
all property or rights to property of the person fined, except that--
        (1) property exempt from levy for taxes pursuant to section 
    6334(a)(1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8), (10), and (12) of the 
    Internal Revenue Code of 1986 shall be exempt from enforcement of 
    the judgment under Federal law;
        (2) section 3014 of chapter 176 of title 28 shall not apply to 
    enforcement under Federal law; and
        (3) the provisions of section 303 of the Consumer Credit 
    Protection Act (15 U.S.C. 1673) shall apply to enforcement of the 
    judgment under Federal law or State law.

    (b) Termination of Liability.--The liability to pay a fine shall 
terminate the later of 20 years from the entry of judgment or 20 years 
after the release from imprisonment of the person fined, or upon the 
death of the individual fined.
    (c) Lien.--A fine imposed pursuant to the provisions of subchapter C 
of chapter 227 of this title, or an order of restitution made pursuant 
to sections \1\ 2248, 2259, 2264, 2327, 3663, 3663A, or 3664 of this 
title, is a lien in favor of the United States on all property and 
rights to property of the person fined as if the liability of the person 
fined were a liability for a tax assessed under the Internal Revenue 
Code of 1986. The lien arises on the entry of judgment and continues for 
20 years or until the liability is satisfied, remitted, set aside, or is 
terminated under subsection (b).
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    \1\ So in original. Probably should be ``section''.
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    (d) Effect of Filing Notice of Lien.--Upon filing of a notice of 
lien in the manner in which a notice of tax lien would be filed under 
section 6323(f)(1) and (2) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, the 
lien shall be valid against any purchaser, holder of a security 
interest, mechanic's lienor or judgment lien creditor, except with 
respect to properties or transactions specified in subsection (b), (c), 
or (d) of section 6323 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 for which a 
notice of tax lien properly filed on the same date would not be valid. 
The notice of lien shall be considered a notice of lien for taxes 
payable to the United States for the purpose of any State or local law 
providing for the filing of a notice of a tax lien. A notice of lien 
that is registered, recorded, docketed, or indexed in accordance with 
the rules and requirements relating to judgments of the courts of the 
State where the notice of lien is registered, recorded, docketed, or 
indexed shall be considered for all purposes as the filing prescribed by 
this section. The provisions of section 3201(e) of chapter 176 of title 
28 shall apply to liens filed as prescribed by this section.
    (e) Discharge of Debt Inapplicable.--No discharge of debts in a 
proceeding pursuant to any chapter of title 11, United States Code, 
shall discharge liability to pay a fine pursuant to this section, and a 
lien filed as prescribed by this section shall not be voided in a 
bankruptcy proceeding.
    (f) Applicability to Order of Restitution.--In accordance with 
section 3664(m)(1)(A) of this title, all provisions of this section are 
available to the United States for the enforcement of an order of 
restitution.

(Added Pub. L. 98-473, title II, Sec. 212(a)(2), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 
2005; amended Pub. L. 99-514, Sec. 2, Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2095; 
Pub. L. 101-647, title XXXV, Sec. 3593, Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4931; 
Pub. L. 104-132, title II, Sec. 207(c)(3), Apr. 24, 1996, 110 Stat. 
1238.)

                       References in Text

    Section 207 of the Social Security Act, referred to in subsec. (a), 
is classified to section 407 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.
    The Internal Revenue Code of 1986, referred to in subsecs. (a)(1), 
(c), and (d), is classified generally to Title 26, Internal Revenue 
Code.


                            Prior Provisions

    For a prior section 3613, applicable to offenses committed prior to 
Nov. 1, 1987, see note set out preceding section 3601 of this title.


                               Amendments

    1996--Pub. L. 104-132 amended section generally, reenacting section 
catchline without change and substituting, in subsec. (a), provisions 
relating to enforcement for provisions relating to lien, in subsec. (b), 
provisions relating to termination of liability for provisions relating 
to expiration of lien, in subsec. (c), provisions relating to lien for 
provisions relating to application of other lien provisions, in subsec. 
(d), provisions relating to effect of filing notice of lien for 
provisions relating to effect of notice of lien, in subsec. (e), 
provisions relating to inapplicability of bankruptcy discharges of debt 
for provisions relating to alternative enforcement, and in subsec. (f), 
provisions relating to applicability to order of restitution for 
provisions relating to inapplicability of bankruptcy discharges of debt.
    1990--Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 101-647, which directed amendment of 
``Section 3613(c)'' by striking the period before the closing quotation 
marks and inserting a period after such marks, without identifying a 
Code title or Act for section 3613, was executed by substituting 
``construed to mean `fine'.'' for ``construed to mean `fine.' '' in 
subsec. (c) of this section to reflect the probable intent of Congress.
    1986--Subsecs. (b) to (d). Pub. L. 99-514 substituted ``Internal 
Revenue Code of 1986'' for ``Internal Revenue Code of 1954'' wherever 
appearing.


                    Effective Date of 1996 Amendment

    Amendment by Pub. L. 104-132 to be effective, to extent 
constitutionally permissible, for sentencing proceedings in cases in 
which defendant is convicted on or after Apr. 24, 1996, see section 211 
of Pub. L. 104-132, set out as a note under section 2248 of this title.


                             Effective Date

    Section effective Nov. 1, 1987, and applicable only to offenses 
committed after the taking effect of this section, see section 235(a)(1) 
of Pub. L. 98-473, set out as a note under section 3551 of this title.
