                        TITLE 19--CUSTOMS DUTIES
 
               CHAPTER 22--URUGUAY ROUND TRADE AGREEMENTS
 
         SUBCHAPTER III--ADDITIONAL IMPLEMENTATION OF AGREEMENTS
 
        Part A--Foreign Trade Barriers and Unfair Trade Practices
 
Sec. 3581. Objectives in intellectual property

    It is the objective of the United States--
        (1) to accelerate the implementation of the Agreement on Trade-
    Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights referred to in 
    section 3511(d)(15) of this title,
        (2) to seek enactment and effective implementation by foreign 
    countries of laws to protect and enforce intellectual property 
    rights that supplement and strengthen the standards of the Agreement 
    on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights referred to 
    in section 3511(d)(15) of this title and the North American Free 
    Trade Agreement and, in particular--
            (A) to conclude bilateral and multilateral agreements that 
        create obligations to protect and enforce intellectual property 
        rights that cover new and emerging technologies and new methods 
        of transmission and distribution, and
            (B) to prevent or eliminate discrimination with respect to 
        matters affecting the availability, acquisition, scope, 
        maintenance, use, and enforcement of intellectual property 
        rights,

        (3) to secure fair, equitable, and nondiscriminatory market 
    access opportunities for United States persons that rely upon 
    intellectual property protection,
        (4) to take an active role in the development of the 
    intellectual property regime under the World Trade Organization to 
    ensure that it is consistent with other United States objectives, 
    and
        (5) to take an active role in the World Intellectual Property 
    Organization (WIPO) to develop a cooperative and mutually supportive 
    relationship between the World Trade Organization and WIPO.

(Pub. L. 103-465, title III, Sec. 315, Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4942.)


                             Effective Date

    Section 316 of title III of Pub. L. 103-465 provided that:
    ``(a) In General.--Except as provided in subsection (b), this 
subtitle [subtitle B (Secs. 311-316) of title III of Pub. L. 103-465, 
enacting this section and amending sections 2241, 2242, 2411, 2414, 
2416, and 2420 of this title] and the amendments made by this subtitle 
take effect on the date on which the WTO Agreement enters into force 
with respect to the United States [Jan. 1, 1995].
    ``(b) Section 314(f).--The amendment made by section 314(f) 
[amending section 2420 of this title] takes effect on the date of the 
enactment of this Act [Dec. 8, 1994].''
