 
      CHAPTER 28--HIGHER EDUCATION RESOURCES AND STUDENT ASSISTANCE
 
    SUBCHAPTER II--TEACHER QUALITY ENHANCEMENT GRANTS FOR STATES AND 
                              PARTNERSHIPS
 
Sec. 1021. Purposes; definitions


(a) Purposes

    The purposes of this subchapter are to--
        (1) improve student achievement;
        (2) improve the quality of the current and future teaching force 
    by improving the preparation of prospective teachers and enhancing 
    professional development activities;
        (3) hold institutions of higher education accountable for 
    preparing teachers who have the necessary teaching skills and are 
    highly competent in the academic content areas in which the teachers 
    plan to teach, such as mathematics, science, English, foreign 
    languages, history, economics, art, civics, Government, and 
    geography, including training in the effective uses of technology in 
    the classroom; and
        (4) recruit highly qualified individuals, including individuals 
    from other occupations, into the teaching force.

(b) Definitions

    In this subchapter:

                        (1) Arts and sciences

        The term ``arts and sciences'' means--
            (A) when referring to an organizational unit of an 
        institution of higher education, any academic unit that offers 1 
        or more academic majors in disciplines or content areas 
        corresponding to the academic subject matter areas in which 
        teachers provide instruction; and
            (B) when referring to a specific academic subject matter 
        area, the disciplines or content areas in which academic majors 
        are offered by the arts and science organizational unit.

               (2) High need local educational agency

        The term ``high need local educational agency'' means a local 
    educational agency that serves an elementary school or secondary 
    school located in an area in which there is--
            (A) a high percentage of individuals from families with 
        incomes below the poverty line;
            (B) a high percentage of secondary school teachers not 
        teaching in the content area in which the teachers were trained 
        to teach; or
            (C) a high teacher turnover rate.

                          (3) Poverty line

        The term ``poverty line'' means the poverty line (as defined by 
    the Office of Management and Budget, and revised annually in 
    accordance with section 9902(2) of title 42) applicable to a family 
    of the size involved.

(Pub. L. 89-329, title II, Sec. 201, as added Pub. L. 105-244, title II, 
Sec. 201, Oct. 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1623.)


                            Prior Provisions

    A prior section 1021, Pub. L. 89-329, title II, Sec. 201, as added 
Pub. L. 96-374, title II, Sec. 201, Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1383; amended 
Pub. L. 99-498, title II, Sec. 201(b), (c), Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 
1287; Pub. L. 100-418, title VI, Sec. 6241, Aug. 23, 1988, 102 Stat. 
1520; Pub. L. 102-325, title II, Sec. 201, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 467, 
related to congressional statement of purpose and authorization of 
appropriations, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104-208, div. A, title I, 
Sec. 101(e) [title VII, Sec. 708(b)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009-
233, 3009-312.
    Another prior section 1021, Pub. L. 89-329, title II, Sec. 201, as 
added Pub. L. 92-318, title I, Sec. 111(b)(1), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 
238; amended Pub. L. 94-482, title I, Sec. 106, Oct. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 
2089; Pub. L. 96-49, Sec. 3(a), Aug. 13, 1979, 93 Stat. 351, provided 
for college library programs, prior to the general amendment of this 
subchapter by Pub. L. 96-374.
    Another prior section 1021, Pub. L. 89-329, title II, Sec. 201, Nov. 
8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1224; Pub. L. 90-575, title II, Sec. 211, Oct. 16, 
1968, 82 Stat. 1036; Pub. L. 92-318, title I, Sec. 111(a)(1), June 23, 
1972, 86 Stat. 238, authorized appropriations of $50,000,000 for each 
fiscal year ending June 30, 1966, 1967, and 1968, and $25,000,000; 
$75,000,000; $90,000,000; and $18,000,000 for fiscal years ending June 
30, 1969, 1970, 1971, and 1972, for library resources grants, prior to 
repeal by Pub. L. 92-318, title I, Sec. 111(b)(1), June 23, 1972, 86 
Stat. 238.


                             Effective Date

    Subchapter effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as otherwise provided in 
Pub. L. 105-244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105-244, set out as an 
Effective Date of 1998 Amendment note under section 1001 of this title.
