 
                    CHAPTER 55--EDUCATION OF THE DEAF
 
                    SUBCHAPTER II--GENERAL PROVISIONS
 
Sec. 4351. Definitions

    As used in this chapter--
        (1) The term ``international student'' means an individual who--
            (A) is not a citizen or national of, or lawfully admitted 
        for permanent residence in, the United States;
            (B) does not provide evidence from the Immigration and 
        Naturalization Service that he or she is in the United States 
        for other than temporary purposes with the intention of becoming 
        a citizen of, or lawfully admitted for permanent residence in, 
        the United States; and
            (C) is not lawfully admitted for permanent residence in 
        American Samoa, Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana 
        Islands, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or the Virgin Islands.

        (2) The term ``construction'' includes construction and initial 
    equipment of new buildings, and expansion, remodeling, and 
    alteration of existing buildings and equipment therein, including 
    architect's services, but excluding off-site improvements.
        (3) The term ``institution of higher education'' means an 
    educational institution in any State which (A) admits as regular 
    students only individuals having a certificate of graduation from a 
    school providing secondary education, or the recognized equivalent 
    of such a certificate; (B) is legally authorized within such State 
    to provide a program of education beyond secondary education; (C) 
    provides an educational program for which it awards a bachelor's 
    degree; (D) includes one or more professional or graduate schools; 
    (E) is a public or nonprofit private institution; and (F) is 
    accredited by a nationally recognized accrediting agency or 
    association. For the purpose of subparagraph (F), the Secretary 
    shall publish a list of nationally recognized accrediting agencies 
    or associations which the Secretary determines to be reliable 
    authority as to the quality of training offered.
        (4) The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of Education.
        (5) The term ``State'' means each of the several States, the 
    District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, 
    American Samoa, the Virgin Islands, and the Commonwealth of the 
    Northern Mariana Islands.
        (6) The term ``NTID'' means the National Technical Institute for 
    the Deaf.
        (7) The term ``University'' means Gallaudet University.

(Pub. L. 99-371, title II, Sec. 201, formerly title IV, Sec. 401, Aug. 
4, 1986, 100 Stat. 789; renumbered title II, Sec. 201, and amended Pub. 
L. 102-421, title I, Secs. 101(b)(5), (6), 131, 151(a)(3), (b), Oct. 16, 
1992, 106 Stat. 2151, 2155, 2164; Pub. L. 103-73, title II, Sec. 204(a), 
Aug. 11, 1993, 107 Stat. 734; Pub. L. 105-244, title IX, Sec. 915, Oct. 
7, 1998, 112 Stat. 1830.)


                            Prior Provisions

    A prior section 201 of Pub. L. 99-371 was renumbered section 111 and 
is classified to section 4331 of this title.
    Provisions similar to this section were contained in sections 682, 
693a, and 695a of this title prior to repeal by Pub. L. 99-371.


                               Amendments

    1998--Par. (1)(C). Pub. L. 105-244, Sec. 915(1), struck out ``Palau 
(but only until the Compact of Free Association with Palau takes 
effect),'' after ``Guam,''.
    Par. (5). Pub. L. 105-244, Sec. 915(2), inserted ``and'' after 
``Virgin Islands,'' and struck out ``, and Palau (but only until the 
Compact of Free Association with Palau takes effect)'' after ``Mariana 
Islands''.
    1993--Pub. L. 103-73 substituted ``and'' for ``or'' at end of par. 
(1)(B), redesignated pars. (4) and (6) to (9) as (3) to (7), 
respectively, and struck out former pars. (3) and (5) which defined 
``elementary school'' and ``secondary school'', respectively.
    1992--Par. (1). Pub. L. 102-421, Sec. 131(1), added par. (1) and 
struck out former par. (1) which read as follows: ``The term `Board of 
Trustees' means (unless the context requires otherwise) the Board of 
Trustees of Gallaudet University established under section 4303 of this 
title.''
    Par. (2). Pub. L. 102-421, Sec. 151(b)(1), substituted ``therein'' 
for ``thereof''.
    Par. (3). Pub. L. 102-421, Sec. 151(a)(3), (b)(2), substituted 
``children who are deaf or hard-of-hearing'' for ``deaf children''.
    Par. (4). Pub. L. 102-421, Sec. 151(b)(3), substituted a semicolon 
for last comma in subpars. (A) to (E) of first sentence and 
``subparagraph'' for ``clause'' in second sentence.
    Pub. L. 102-421, Sec. 131(2), redesignated par. (5) as (4) and 
struck out former par. (4) which read as follows: ``The term `Institute' 
means the National Technical Institute for the Deaf.''
    Pars. (5), (6). Pub. L. 102-421, Sec. 131(2)(B), redesignated pars. 
(6) and (7) as (5) and (6), respectively. Former par. (5) redesignated 
(4).
    Par. (7). Pub. L. 102-421, Sec. 131(2)(B), (3), redesignated par. 
(8) as (7) and substituted ``the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana 
Islands, and Palau (but only until the Compact of Free Association with 
Palau takes effect).'' for ``the Northern Mariana Islands and the Trust 
Territory of the Pacific Islands.''. Former par. (7) redesignated (6).
    Pars. (8), (9). Pub. L. 102-421, Sec. 131(2)(B), (4), added pars. 
(8) and (9) and redesignated former par. (8) as (7).


                    Effective Date of 1998 Amendment

    Amendment by Pub. L. 105-244 effective Oct. 1, 1998, except as 
otherwise provided in Pub. L. 105-244, see section 3 of Pub. L. 105-244, 
set out as a note under section 1001 of this title.


                    Effective Date of 1992 Amendment

    Amendment by Pub. L. 102-421 effective Oct. 1, 1992, see section 161 
of Pub. L. 102-421, set out as a note under section 4301 of this title.
