
From the U.S. Code Online via GPO Access
[wais.access.gpo.gov]
[Laws in effect as of January 2, 2001]
[Document not affected by Public Laws enacted between
  January 2, 2001 and January 28, 2002]
[CITE: 22USC2218]

 
               TITLE 22--FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
 
                     CHAPTER 32--FOREIGN ASSISTANCE
 
                 SUBCHAPTER I--INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
 
                         Part II--Other Programs
 
    subpart ix--utilization of democratic institutions in development
 
Sec. 2218. Utilization of democratic institutions in development


(a) Popular participation through encouragement of democratic 
        institutions

    In carrying out programs authorized in this part and part I of this 
subchapter, emphasis shall be placed on assuring maximum participation 
in the task of economic development on the part of the people of the 
developing countries, through the encouragement of democratic private 
and local governmental institutions.

(b) Human and intellectual resources; self-government through civic 
        education and training in requisite skills

    In order to carry out the purposes of this section programs under 
this part and part I of this subchapter shall--
        (1) recognize the differing needs, desires, and capacities of 
    the people of the respective developing countries and areas;
        (2) use the intellectual resources of such countries and areas 
    in conjunction with assistance provided under this chapter so as to 
    encourage the development of indigenous institutions that meet their 
    particular requirements for sustained economic and social progress; 
    and
        (3) support civic education and training in skills required for 
    effective participation in governmental and political processes 
    essential to self-government.

(c) Political, social, and related obstacles to development; democratic 
        social and political trends

    In the allocation of funds for research under this part and part I 
of this subchapter, emphasis shall be given to research designed to 
examine the political, social, and related obstacles to development in 
countries receiving assistance under subchapter I of this chapter. In 
particular, emphasis should be given to research designed to increase 
understanding of the ways in which development assistance can support 
democratic social and political trends in recipient countries.

(d) Implementation of objectives through application of experience 
        gained from program evaluation

    Emphasis shall also be given to the evaluation of relevant past and 
current programs under subchapter I of this chapter and to applying this 
experience so as to strengthen their effectiveness in implementing the 
objectives of this section.

(e) Inservice training programs

    In order to carry out the purposes of this section, the agency 
primarily responsible for administering subchapter I of this chapter 
shall develop systematic programs of inservice training to familiarize 
its personnel with the objectives of this section and to increase their 
knowledge of the political and social aspects of development. In 
addition to other funds available for such purposes, not to exceed 1 per 
centum of the funds authorized to be appropriated for grant assistance 
under this part and part I of this subchapter may be used for carrying 
out the objectives of this subsection.

(Pub. L. 87-195, pt. I, Sec. 281, as added Pub. L. 89-583, pt. I, 
Sec. 106, Sept. 19, 1966, 80 Stat. 800; amended Pub. L. 90-137, pt. I, 
Sec. 108, Nov. 14, 1967, 81 Stat. 452; Pub. L. 90-554, pt. I, Sec. 106, 
Oct. 8, 1968, 82 Stat. 961; Pub. L. 95-424, title I, Sec. 102(g)(2)(A), 
Oct. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 942.)

                       References in Text

    This chapter, referred to in subsec. (b)(2), was in the original 
``this Act'', meaning Pub. L. 87-195, Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 424, as 
amended, known as the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961. For complete 
classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out 
under section 2151 of this title and Tables.


References to Subchapter I Deemed To Include Certain Parts of Subchapter 
                                   II

    References to subchapter I of this chapter are deemed to include 
parts IV (Sec. 2346 et seq.), VI (Sec. 2348 et seq.), and VIII 
(Sec. 2349aa et seq.) of subchapter II of this chapter, and references 
to subchapter II are deemed to exclude such parts. See section 202(b) of 
Pub. L. 92-226, set out as a note under section 2346 of this title, and 
sections 2348c and 2349aa-5 of this title.


           References to Part I Deemed To Include Section 2293

    References to part I of this subchapter are deemed to include a 
reference to section 2293 of this title. See section 2293(d)(1) of this 
title.


                               Amendments

    1978--Subsecs. (a), (b), (c), (e). Pub. L. 95-424 inserted ``and 
part 1 of this subchapter'' after ``this part''.
    1968--Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 90-554, Sec. 106(a), emphasized research 
designed to increase understanding of ways in which development 
assistance can support democratic social and political trends in 
recipient countries.
    Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 90-554, Sec. 106(b), added subsec. (e).
    1967--Pub. L. 90-137 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) 
and added subsecs. (b) to (d).


                    Effective Date of 1978 Amendment

    Amendment by Pub. L. 95-424 effective Oct. 1, 1978, see section 605 
of Pub. L. 95-424, set out as a note under section 2151 of this title.
