
From the U.S. Code Online via GPO Access
[wais.access.gpo.gov]
[Laws in effect as of January 2, 2001]
[Document not affected by Public Laws enacted between
  January 2, 2001 and January 28, 2002]
[CITE: 22USC2220b]

 
               TITLE 22--FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
 
                     CHAPTER 32--FOREIGN ASSISTANCE
 
                 SUBCHAPTER I--INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
 
                         Part II--Other Programs
 
         subpart xii--famine prevention and freedom from hunger
 
Sec. 2220b. General authority


(a) Programs and activities affecting universities, agriculturally 
        developing countries, and research

    To carry out the purposes of this subpart, the President is 
authorized to provide assistance on such terms and conditions as he 
shall determine--
        (1) to implement program components through United States 
    universities as authorized by paragraphs (2) through (5) of this 
    subsection;
        (2) to build and strengthen the institutional capacity and human 
    resource skills of agriculturally developing countries so that these 
    countries may participate more fully in the international 
    agricultural problem-solving effort and to introduce and adapt new 
    solutions to local circumstances;
        (3) to provide long-term program support for United States 
    university global agricultural and related environmental 
    collaborative research and learning opportunities for students, 
    teachers, extension specialists, researchers, and the general 
    public;
        (4) to involve United States universities more fully in the 
    international network of agricultural science, including the 
    international agricultural research centers, the activities of 
    international organizations such as the United Nations Development 
    Program and the Food and Agriculture Organization, multilateral 
    banks, the institutions of agriculturally developing nations, and 
    United States and foreign nongovernmental organizations supporting 
    extension and other productivity-enhancing programs; and
        (5) to provide program support for international agricultural 
    research centers, to provide support for research projects 
    identified for specific problem-solving needs, and to develop and 
    strengthen national research systems in the developing countries.

(b) Programs and activities respecting university capabilities, 
        benefiting domestic and nondomestic agriculture, and based on 
        existing programs and institutions

    Programs under this subpart shall be carried out so as to--
        (1) utilize and strengthen the capabilities of United States 
    universities with public and private partners of universities in--
            (A) developing capacity in the cooperating nation for 
        classroom teaching in agriculture, plant and animal sciences, 
        human nutrition, and vocational and domestic arts and other 
        relevant fields appropriate to local needs;
            (B) agricultural research to be conducted in the cooperating 
        nations, at international agricultural research centers, or in 
        the United States;
            (C) the planning, initiation, and development of extension 
        services through which information concerning agriculture, 
        environment, and related subjects will be made available 
        directly to agriculturalists in the agriculturally developing 
        nations by means of education and demonstration; or
            (D) the exchange of educators, scientists, and students for 
        the purpose of assisting in successful development in the 
        cooperating nations;

        (2) take into account the value to United States agriculture of 
    such programs, integrating to the extent practicable the programs 
    and financing authorized under this subpart with those supported by 
    other Federal or State resources, including resources of the private 
    sector, so as to maximize the contribution to the development of 
    agriculture in the United States and in agriculturally developing 
    nations; and
        (3) whenever practicable, build on existing programs and 
    institutions including those of the universities, the Department of 
    Agriculture, State agricultural agencies, the Department of 
    Commerce, the Department of the Interior, the Environmental 
    Protection Agency, the Office of the United States Trade 
    Representative, the Food and Drug Administration, other appropriate 
    Federal agencies, and appropriate nongovernmental and business 
    organizations.

(c) Activity objectives

    To the maximum extent practicable, activities under this section 
shall--
        (1) be directly related to the food and agricultural needs of 
    developing countries;
        (2) focus primarily on the needs of agricultural producers, 
    rural families, processors, traders, consumers, and natural 
    resources managers;
        (3) be adapted to local circumstances;
        (4) be carried out within the developing countries and 
    transition countries comprising newly emerging democracies and newly 
    liberalized economies; and
        (5) emphasize the improvement of local systems for delivering 
    the best available knowledge to the small farmers of such countries.

(d) Function of Administrator

    The President shall exercise his authority under this section 
through the Administrator.

(e) Special programs

    The Administrator shall establish and carry out special programs 
under this subpart as part of ongoing programs for child survival, 
democratization, development of free enterprise, environmental and 
natural resource management, and other related programs.

(Pub. L. 87-195, pt. I, Sec. 297, as added Pub. L. 94-161, title III, 
Sec. 312, Dec. 20, 1975, 89 Stat. 863; amended Pub. L. 96-53, title I, 
Sec. 113, Aug. 14, 1979, 93 Stat. 364; Pub. L. 106-373, Sec. 3, Oct. 27, 
2000, 114 Stat. 1431.)


                               Amendments

    2000--Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 106-373, Sec. 3(a)(1), amended par. 
(1) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (1) read as follows: ``to 
strengthen the capabilities of universities in teaching, research, and 
extension work to enable them to implement current programs authorized 
by paragraphs (2), (3), (4), and (5) of this subsection, and those 
proposed in the report required by section 2220e of this title;''.
    Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 106-373, Sec. 3(a)(2), amended par. (3) 
generally. Prior to amendment, par. (3) read as follows: ``to provide 
program support for long-term collaborative university research, in the 
developing countries themselves to the maximum extent practicable, on 
food production, distribution, storage, marketing, and consumption;''.
    Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 106-373, Sec. 3(a)(3), inserted ``United 
States'' before ``universities'' and ``agricultural'' before ``research 
centers'' and substituted ``multilateral banks, the institutions of 
agriculturally developing nations, and United States and foreign 
nongovernmental organizations supporting extension and other 
productivity-enhancing programs'' for ``and the institutions of 
agriculturally developing nations''.
    Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 106-373, Sec. 3(b)(1)(A), substituted 
``United States universities with public and private partners of 
universities'' for ``universities'' in introductory provisions.
    Subsec. (b)(1)(C). Pub. L. 106-373, Sec. 3(b)(1)(B), inserted ``, 
environment,'' before ``and related'' and substituted 
``agriculturalists'' for ``farmers and farm families''.
    Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 106-373, Sec. 3(b)(2), inserted ``, 
including resources of the private sector,'' after ``Federal or State 
resources''.
    Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 106-373, Sec. 3(b)(3), substituted ``, the 
Department of Agriculture, State agricultural agencies, the Department 
of Commerce, the Department of the Interior, the Environmental 
Protection Agency, the Office of the United States Trade Representative, 
the Food and Drug Administration, other appropriate Federal agencies, 
and appropriate nongovernmental and business organizations.'' for ``and 
the United States Department of Agriculture and the United States 
Department of Commerce.''
    Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 106-373, Sec. 3(c)(1), amended par. (2) 
generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as follows: ``be carried 
out within the developing countries;''.
    Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 106-373, Sec. 3(c)(2), amended par. (4) 
generally. Prior to amendment, par. (4) read as follows: ``provide for 
the most effective interrelationship between research, education, and 
extension in promoting agricultural development in developing countries; 
and''.
    Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 106-373, Sec. 3(d), added subsec. (e).
    1979--Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 96-53, Sec. 113(1), inserted provision 
relating to the scope of effort in developing countries.
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96-53, Sec. 113(2), reworked activity 
objectives through revising terminology and structure and expanding such 
objectives to include requirement for a direct relationship between 
activities and the food and agricultural needs of developing countries.


                    Effective Date of 1979 Amendment

    Amendment by Pub. L. 96-53 effective Oct. 1, 1979, see section 
512(a) of Pub. L. 96-53, set out as a note under section 2151 of this 
title.

                         Delegation of Functions

    For delegation of functions of President under this section, see Ex. 
Ord. No. 12163, Sept. 29, 1979, 44 F.R. 56673, as amended, set out as a 
note under section 2381 of this title.

                  Section Referred to in Other Sections

    This section is referred to in section 2220c of this title.
