
From the U.S. Code Online via GPO Access
[wais.access.gpo.gov]
[Laws in effect as of January 23, 2000]
[Document not affected by Public Laws enacted between
  January 23, 2000 and December 4, 2001]
[CITE: 42USC6295]

 
                 TITLE 42--THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE
 
                     CHAPTER 77--ENERGY CONSERVATION
 
               SUBCHAPTER III--IMPROVING ENERGY EFFICIENCY
 
  Part A--Energy Conservation Program for Consumer Products Other Than 
                               Automobiles
 
Sec. 6295. Energy conservation standards


(a) Purposes

    The purposes of this section are to--
        (1) provide Federal energy conservation standards applicable to 
    covered products; and
        (2) authorize the Secretary to prescribe amended or new energy 
    conservation standards for each type (or class) of covered product.

(b) Standards for refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers, and freezers

    (1) The following is the maximum energy use allowed in kilowatt 
hours per year for the following products (other than those described in 
paragraph (2)) manufactured on or after January 1, 1990:


                                                       Energy  Standards
                                                            Equations


Refrigerators and Refrigerator-Freezers with manual          16.3 AV+316
 defrost.............................................
Refrigerator-Freezers--partial automatic defrost.....        21.8 AV+429
Refrigerator-Freezers--automatic defrost with:
  Top mounted freezer without ice....................        23.5 AV+471
  Side mounted freezer without ice...................        27.7 AV+488
  Bottom mounted freezer without ice.................        27.7 AV+488
  Top mounted freezer with through the door ice              26.4 AV+535
   service...........................................
  Side mounted freezer with through the door ice.....        30.9 AV+547
Upright Freezers with:
  Manual defrost.....................................        10.9 AV+422
  Automatic defrost..................................        16.0 AV+623
Chest Freezers and all other freezers................        14.8 AV+223


    (2) The standards described in paragraph (1) do not apply to 
refrigerators and refrigerator-freezers with total refrigerated volume 
exceeding 39 cubic feet or freezers with total refrigerated volume 
exceeding 30 cubic feet.
    (3)(A)(i) The Secretary shall publish a proposed rule, no later than 
July 1, 1988, to determine if the standards established by paragraph (1) 
should be amended. The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later 
than July 1, 1989, which shall contain such amendment, if any, and 
provide that the amendment shall apply to products manufactured on or 
after January 1, 1993. If such a final rule is not published before 
January 1, 1990, any amendment of such standards shall apply to products 
manufactured on or after January 1, 1995. Nothing in this subsection 
provides any justification or defense for a failure by the Secretary to 
comply with the nondiscretionary duty to publish final rules by the 
dates stated in this paragraph.
    (ii)(I) If the Secretary does not publish a final rule before 
January 1, 1990, relating to the revision of the energy conservation 
standards for refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers and freezers, the 
regulations which established standards for such products and were 
promulgated by the California Energy Commission on December 14, 1984, to 
be effective January 1, 1992 (or any amendments to such standards that 
are not more stringent than the standards in the original regulations), 
shall apply in California to such products, effective beginning January 
1, 1993, and shall not be preempted after such effective date by any 
energy conservation standard established in this section or prescribed, 
on or after January 1, 1990, under this section.
    (II) If the Secretary does not publish a final rule before January 
1, 1992, relating to the revision of the energy conservation standards 
for refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers and freezers, State regulations 
which apply to such products manufactured on or after January 1, 1995, 
shall apply to such products until the effective date of a rule issued 
under this section with respect to such products.
    (B) After the publication of a final rule under subparagraph (A), 
the Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than five years after 
the date of publication of the previous final rule. The Secretary shall 
determine in such rule whether to amend the standards in effect for the 
products described in paragraph (1).
    (C) Any amendment prescribed under subparagraph (B) shall apply to 
products manufactured after a date which is five years after--
        (i) the effective date of the previous amendment; or
        (ii) if the previous final rule did not amend the standards, the 
    earliest date by which the previous amendment could have been 
    effective;

except that in no case may any amended standard apply to products 
manufactured within three years after publication of the final rule 
establishing such amended standard.

(c) Standards for room air conditioners

    (1) The energy efficiency ratio of room air conditioners shall be 
not less than the following for products manufactured on or after 
January 1, 1990:


                        Product Class:                            Ratio

  Without Reverse Cycle and With Louvered Sides:
      Less than 6,000 Btu.....................................       8.0
      6,000 to 7,999 Btu......................................       8.5
      8,000 to 13,999 Btu.....................................       9.0
      14,000 to 19,999 Btu....................................       8.8
      20,000 and more Btu.....................................       8.2
  Without Reverse Cycle and Without Louvered Sides:
      Less than 6,000 Btu.....................................       8.0
      6,000 to 7,999 Btu......................................       8.5
      8,000 to 13,999 Btu.....................................       8.5
      14,000 to 19,999 Btu....................................       8.5
      20,000 and more Btu.....................................       8.2
  With Reverse Cycle and With Louvered Sides..................       8.5
  With Reverse Cycle, Without Louvered Sides..................       8.0


    (2)(A) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than 
January 1, 1992, to determine if the standards established under 
paragraph (1) should be amended. Such rule shall contain such amendment, 
if any, and provide that the amendment shall apply to products 
manufactured on or after January 1, 1995.
    (B) After January 1, 1992, the Secretary shall publish a final rule 
no later than five years after the date of publication of a previous 
final rule. The Secretary shall determine in such rule whether to amend 
the standards in effect for room air conditioners.
    (C) Any amendment prescribed under subparagraph (B) shall apply to 
products manufactured after a date which is five years after--
        (i) the effective date of the previous amendment; or
        (ii) if the previous final rule did not amend the standards, the 
    earliest date by which a previous amendment could have been 
    effective;

except that in no case may any amended standard apply to products 
manufactured within three years after publication of the final rule 
establishing such amended standard.

(d) Standards for central air conditioners and heat pumps

    (1) The seasonal energy efficiency ratio of central air conditioners 
and central air conditioning heat pumps shall be not less than the 
following:
        (A) Split Systems: 10.0 for products manufactured on or after 
    January 1, 1992.
        (B) Single Package Systems: 9.7 for products manufactured on or 
    after January 1, 1993.

    (2) The heating seasonal performance factor of central air 
conditioning heat pumps shall be not less than the following:
        (A) Split Systems: 6.8 for products manufactured on or after 
    January 1, 1992.
        (B) Single Package Systems: 6.6 for products manufactured on or 
    after January 1, 1993.

    (3)(A) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than 
January 1, 1994, to determine whether the standards established under 
paragraph (1) should be amended. Such rule shall contain such amendment, 
if any, and provide that the amendment shall apply to products 
manufactured on or after January 1, 1999. The Secretary shall publish a 
final rule no later than January 1, 1994, to determine whether the 
standards established under paragraph (2) shall be amended. Such rule 
shall contain such amendment, if any, and provide that the amendment 
shall apply to products manufactured on or after January 1, 2002.
    (B) The Secretary shall publish a final rule after January 1, 1994, 
and no later than January 1, 2001, to determine whether the standards in 
effect for central air conditioners and central air conditioning heat 
pumps should be amended. Such rule shall provide that any amendment 
shall apply to products manufactured on or after January 1, 2006.

(e) Standards for water heaters; pool heaters; direct heating equipment

    (1) The energy factor of water heaters shall be not less than the 
following for products manufactured on or after January 1, 1990:




(A) Gas Water Heater:            .62-(.0019 x Rated Storage Volume in
                                  gallons)
(B) Oil Water Heater:            .59-(.0019 x Rated Storage Volume in
                                  gallons)
(C) Electric Water Heater:       .95-(.00132 x Rated Storage Volume in
                                  gallons)


    (2) The thermal efficiency of pool heaters manufactured on or after 
January 1, 1990, shall not be less than 78 percent.
    (3) The efficiencies of gas direct heating equipment manufactured on 
or after January 1, 1990, shall be not less than the following:




Wall
  Fan type
    Up to 42,000 Btu/hour...............................        73% AFUE
    Over 42,000 Btu/hour................................        74% AFUE
  Gravity type
    Up to 10,000 Btu/hour...............................        59% AFUE
    Over 10,000 Btu/hour up to 12,000 Btu/hour..........        60% AFUE
    Over 12,000 Btu/hour up to 15,000 Btu/hour..........        61% AFUE
    Over 15,000 Btu/hour up to 19,000 Btu/hour..........        62% AFUE
    Over 19,000 Btu/hour up to 27,000 Btu/hour..........        63% AFUE
    Over 27,000 Btu/hour up to 46,000 Btu/hour..........        64% AFUE
    Over 46,000 Btu/hour................................        65% AFUE
Floor
    Up to 37,000 Btu/hour...............................        56% AFUE
    Over 37,000 Btu/hour................................        57% AFUE
Room
    Up to 18,000 Btu/hour...............................        57% AFUE
    Over 18,000 Btu/hour up to 20,000 Btu/hour..........        58% AFUE
    Over 20,000 Btu/hour up to 27,000 Btu/hour..........        63% AFUE
    Over 27,000 Btu/hour up to 46,000 Btu/hour..........        64% AFUE
    Over 46,000 Btu/hour................................        65% AFUE


    (4)(A) The Secretary shall publish final rules no later than January 
1, 1992, to determine whether the standards established by paragraph 
(1), (2), or (3) for water heaters, pool heaters, and direct heating 
equipment should be amended. Such rule shall provide that any amendment 
shall apply to products manufactured on or after January 1, 1995.
    (B) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than January 
1, 2000, to determine whether standards in effect for such products 
should be amended. Such rule shall provide that any such amendment shall 
apply to products manufactured on or after January 1, 2005.

(f) Standards for furnaces

    (1) Furnaces (other than furnaces designed solely for installation 
in mobile homes) manufactured on or after January 1, 1992, shall have an 
annual fuel utilization efficiency of not less than 78 percent, except 
that--
        (A) boilers (other than gas steam boilers) shall have an annual 
    fuel utilization efficiency of not less than 80 percent and gas 
    steam boilers shall have an annual fuel utilization efficiency of 
    not less than 75 percent; and
        (B) the Secretary shall prescribe a final rule not later than 
    January 1, 1989, establishing an energy conservation standard--
            (i) which is for furnaces (other than furnaces designed 
        solely for installation in mobile homes) having an input of less 
        than 45,000 Btu per hour and manufactured on or after January 1, 
        1992;
            (ii) which provides that the annual fuel utilization 
        efficiency of such furnaces shall be a specific percent which is 
        not less than 71 percent and not more than 78 percent; and
            (iii) which the Secretary determines is not likely to result 
        in a significant shift from gas heating to electric resistance 
        heating with respect to either residential construction or 
        furnace replacement.

    (2) Furnaces which are designed solely for installation in mobile 
homes and which are manufactured on or after September 1, 1990, shall 
have an annual fuel utilization efficiency of not less than 75 percent.
    (3)(A) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than 
January 1, 1992, to determine whether the standards established by 
paragraph (2) for mobile home furnaces should be amended. Such rule 
shall provide that any amendment shall apply to products manufactured on 
or after January 1, 1994.
    (B) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than January 
1, 1994, to determine whether the standards established by this 
subsection for furnaces (including mobile home furnaces) should be 
amended. Such rule shall provide that any amendment shall apply to 
products manufactured on or after January 1, 2002.
    (C) After January 1, 1997, and before January 1, 2007, the Secretary 
shall publish a final rule to determine whether standards in effect for 
such products should be amended. Such rule shall contain such amendment, 
if any, and provide that any amendment shall apply to products 
manufactured on or after January 1, 2012.

(g) Standards for dishwashers; clothes washers; clothes dryers; 
        fluorescent lamp ballasts

    (1) Dishwashers manufactured on or after January 1, 1988, shall be 
equipped with an option to dry without heat.
    (2) All rinse cycles of clothes washers shall include an unheated 
water option, but may have a heated water rinse option, for products 
manufactured on or after January 1, 1988.
    (3) Gas clothes dryers shall not be equipped with a constant burning 
pilot for products manufactured on or after January 1, 1988.
    (4)(A) The Secretary shall publish final rules no later than January 
1, 1990, to determine if the standards established under this subsection 
for products described in paragraphs (1), (2), and (3) should be 
amended. Such rules shall provide that any amendment shall apply to 
products the manufacture of which is completed on or after January 1, 
1993.
    (B) After January 1, 1990, the Secretary shall publish a final rule 
no later than five years after the date of publication of the previous 
final rule. The Secretary shall determine in such rule whether to amend 
the standards in effect for such products.
    (C) Any such amendment shall apply to products manufactured after a 
date which is five years after--
        (i) the effective date of the previous amendment; or
        (ii) if the previous final rule did not amend the standard, the 
    earliest date by which a previous amendment could have been in 
    effect;

except that in no case may any amended standard apply to products 
manufactured within three years after publication of the final rule 
establishing such standard.
    (5) Except as provided in paragraph (6), each fluorescent lamp 
ballast--
        (A)(i) manufactured on or after January 1, 1990;
        (ii) sold by the manufacturer on or after April 1, 1990; or
        (iii) incorporated into a luminaire by a luminaire manufacturer 
    on or after April 1, 1991; and
        (B) designed--
            (i) to operate at nominal input voltages of 120 or 277 
        volts;
            (ii) to operate with an input current frequency of 60 Hertz; 
        and
            (iii) for use in connection with an F40T12, F96T12, or 
        F96T12HO lamps;

shall have a power factor of 0.90 or greater and shall have a ballast 
efficacy factor not less than the following:


                                   Ballast        Total        Ballast
 Application for  Operation of      Input        Nominal      Efficacy
                                   Voltage     Lamp Watts      Factor

one F40T12 lamp................      120            40          1.805
                                     277            40          1.805
two F40T12 lamps...............      120            80          1.060
                                     277            80          1.050
two F96T12 lamps...............      120           150          0.570
                                     277           150          0.570
two F96T12HO lamps.............      120           220          0.390
                                     277           220          0.390


    (6) The standards described in paragraph (5) do not apply to (A) a 
ballast which is designed for dimming or for use in ambient temperatures 
of 0 deg. F or less, or (B) a ballast which has a power factor of less 
than 0.90 and is designed for use only in residential building 
applications.
    (7)(A) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than 
January 1, 1992, to determine if the standards established under 
paragraph (5) should be amended, including whether such standards should 
be amended so that they would be applicable to ballasts described in 
paragraph (6) and other fluorescent lamp ballasts. Such rule shall 
contain such amendment, if any, and provide that the amendment shall 
apply to products manufactured on or after January 1, 1995.
    (B) After January 1, 1992, the Secretary shall publish a final rule 
no later than five years after the date of publication of a previous 
final rule. The Secretary shall determine in such rule whether to amend 
the standards in effect for fluorescent lamp ballasts, including whether 
such standards should be amended so that they would be applicable to 
additional fluorescent lamp ballasts.
    (C) Any amendment prescribed under subparagraph (B) shall apply to 
products manufactured after a date which is five years after--
        (i) the effective date of the previous amendment; or
        (ii) if the previous final rule did not amend the standards, the 
    earliest date by which a previous amendment could have been 
    effective;

except that in no case may any amended standard apply to products 
manufactured within three years after publication of the final rule 
establishing such amended standard.

(h) Standards for kitchen ranges and ovens

    (1) Gas kitchen ranges and ovens having an electrical supply cord 
shall not be equipped with a constant burning pilot for products 
manufactured on or after January 1, 1990.
    (2)(A) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than 
January 1, 1992, to determine if the standards established for kitchen 
ranges and ovens in this subsection should be amended. Such rule shall 
contain such amendment, if any, and provide that the amendment shall 
apply to products manufactured on or after January 1, 1995.
    (B) The Secretary shall publish a final rule no later than January 
1, 1997, to determine whether standards in effect for such products 
should be amended. Such rule shall apply to products manufactured on or 
after January 1, 2000.

(i) General service fluorescent lamps and incandescent reflector lamps

    (1)(A) Each of the following general service fluorescent lamps and 
incandescent reflector lamps manufactured after the effective date 
specified in the tables listed in this paragraph shall meet or exceed 
the following lamp efficacy and CRI standards:

                                                FLUORESCENT LAMPS
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
                                                                               
       Minimum
                    Lamp Type                      Nominal Lamp     Minimum CRI
    Average Lamp   Effective Date
                                                      Wattage                  
   Efficacy (LPW)     (Months)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
4-foot medium bi-pin............................       >35 W            69     
        75.0             36
                                                       35 W             45     
        75.0             36
2-foot U-shaped.................................       >35 W            69     
        68.0             36
                                                       35 W             45     
        64.0             36
8-foot slimline.................................        65 W            69     
        80.0             18
                                                       65 W             45     
        80.0             18
8-foot high output..............................      >100 W            69     
        80.0             18
                                                       100 W            45     
        80.0             18
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------


                      INCANDESCENT REFLECTOR LAMPS
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                           Minimum  Average   Effective
          Nominal Lamp Wattage              Lamp  Efficacy       Date
                                                (LPW)          (Months)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 40-50..................................         10.5             36
 51-66..................................         11.0             36
 67-85..................................         12.5             36
 86-115.................................         14.0             36
116-155.................................         14.5             36
156-205.................................         15.0             36
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (B) For the purposes of the tables set forth in subparagraph (A), 
the term ``effective date'' means the last day of the month set forth in 
the table which follows October 24, 1992.
    (2) Notwithstanding section 6302(a)(5) of this title and section 
6302(b) of this title, it shall not be unlawful for a manufacturer to 
sell a lamp which is in compliance with the law at the time such lamp 
was manufactured.
    (3) Not less than 36 months after October 24, 1992, the Secretary 
shall initiate a rulemaking procedure and shall publish a final rule not 
later than the end of the 54-month period beginning on October 24, 1992, 
to determine if the standards established under paragraph (1) should be 
amended. Such rule shall contain such amendment, if any, and provide 
that the amendment shall apply to products manufactured on or after the 
36-month period beginning on the date such final rule is published.
    (4) Not less than eight years after October 24, 1992, the Secretary 
shall initiate a rulemaking procedure and shall publish a final rule not 
later than nine years and six months after October 24, 1992, to 
determine if the standards in effect for fluorescent lamps and 
incandescent lamps should be amended. Such rule shall contain such 
amendment, if any, and provide that the amendment shall apply to 
products manufactured on or after the 36-month period beginning on the 
date such final rule is published.
    (5) Not later than the end of the 24-month period beginning on the 
date labeling requirements under section 6294(a)(2)(C) of this title 
become effective, the Secretary shall initiate a rulemaking procedure to 
determine if the standards in effect for fluorescent lamps and 
incandescent lamps should be amended so that they would be applicable to 
additional general service fluorescent and general service incandescent 
lamps and shall publish, not later than 18 months after initiating such 
rulemaking, a final rule including such amended standards, if any. Such 
rule shall provide that the amendment shall apply to products 
manufactured after a date which is 36 months after the date such rule is 
published.
    (6)(A) With respect to any lamp to which standards are applicable 
under this subsection or any lamp specified in section 6317 of this 
title, the Secretary shall inform any Federal entity proposing actions 
which would adversely impact the energy consumption or energy efficiency 
of such lamp of the energy conservation consequences of such action. It 
shall be the responsibility of such Federal entity to carefully consider 
the Secretary's comments.
    (B) Notwithstanding subsection (n)(1) of this section, the Secretary 
shall not be prohibited from amending any standard, by rule, to permit 
increased energy use or to decrease the minimum required energy 
efficiency of any lamp to which standards are applicable under this 
subsection if such action is warranted as a result of other Federal 
action (including restrictions on materials or processes) which would 
have the effect of either increasing the energy use or decreasing the 
energy efficiency of such product.
    (7) Not later than the date on which standards established pursuant 
to this subsection become effective, or, with respect to high-intensity 
discharge lamps covered under section 6317 of this title, the effective 
date of standards established pursuant to such section, each 
manufacturer of a product to which such standards are applicable shall 
file with the Secretary a laboratory report certifying compliance with 
the applicable standard for each lamp type. Such report shall include 
the lumen output and wattage consumption for each lamp type as an 
average of measurements taken over the preceding 12-month period. With 
respect to lamp types which are not manufactured during the 12-month 
period preceding the date such standards become effective, such report 
shall be filed with the Secretary not later than the date which is 12 
months after the date manufacturing is commenced and shall include the 
lumen output and wattage consumption for each such lamp type as an 
average of measurements taken during such 12-month period.

(j) Standards for showerheads and faucets

    (1) The maximum water use allowed for any showerhead manufactured 
after January 1, 1994, is 2.5 gallons per minute when measured at a 
flowing water pressure of 80 pounds per square inch. Any such showerhead 
shall also meet the requirements of ASME/ANSI A112.18.1M-1989, 7.4.3(a).
    (2) The maximum water use allowed for any of the following faucets 
manufactured after January 1, 1994, when measured at a flowing water 
pressure of 80 pounds per square inch, is as follows:




Lavatory faucets....................  2.5 gallons per minute
Lavatory replacement aerators.......  2.5 gallons per minute
Kitchen faucets.....................  2.5 gallons per minute
Kitchen replacement aerators........  2.5 gallons per minute
Metering faucets....................  0.25 gallons per cycle


    (3)(A) If the maximum flow rate requirements or the design 
requirements of ASME/ANSI Standard A112.18.1M-1989 are amended to 
improve the efficiency of water use of any type or class of showerhead 
or faucet and are approved by ANSI, the Secretary shall, not later than 
12 months after the date of such amendment, publish a final rule 
establishing an amended uniform national standard for that product at 
the level specified in the amended ASME/ANSI Standard A112.18.1M and 
providing that such standard shall apply to products manufactured after 
a date which is 12 months after the publication of such rule, unless the 
Secretary determines, by rule published in the Federal Register, that 
adoption of a uniform national standard at the level specified in such 
amended ASME/ANSI Standard A112.18.1M--
        (i) is not technologically feasible and economically justified 
    under subsection (o) of this section;
        (ii) is not consistent with the maintenance of public health and 
    safety; or
        (iii) is not consistent with the purposes of this chapter.

    (B)(i) As part of the rulemaking conducted under subparagraph (A), 
the Secretary shall also determine if adoption of a uniform national 
standard for any type or class of showerhead or faucet more stringent 
than such amended ASME/ANSI Standard A112.18.1M--
        (I) would result in additional conservation of energy or water;
        (II) would be technologically feasible and economically 
    justified under subsection (o) of this section; and
        (III) would be consistent with the maintenance of public health 
    and safety.

    (ii) If the Secretary makes an affirmative determination under 
clause (i), the final rule published under subparagraph (A) shall waive 
the provisions of section 6297(c) of this title with respect to any 
State regulation concerning the water use or water efficiency of such 
type or class of showerhead or faucet if such State regulation--
        (I) is more stringent than amended ASME/ANSI Standard A112.18.1M 
    for such type or class of showerhead or faucet and the standard in 
    effect for such product on the day before the date on which a final 
    rule is published under subparagraph (A); and
        (II) is applicable to any sale or installation of all products 
    in such type or class of showerhead or faucet.

    (C) If, after any period of five consecutive years, the maximum flow 
rate requirements of the ASME/ANSI standard for showerheads are not 
amended to improve the efficiency of water use of such products, or 
after any such period such requirements for faucets are not amended to 
improve the efficiency of water use of such products, the Secretary 
shall, not later than six months after the end of such five-year period, 
publish a final rule waiving the provisions of section 6297(c) of this 
title with respect to any State regulation concerning the water use or 
water efficiency of such type or class of showerhead or faucet if such 
State regulation--
        (i) is more stringent than the standards in effect for such type 
    of class of showerhead or faucet; and
        (ii) is applicable to any sale or installation of all products 
    in such type or class of showerhead or faucet.

(k) Standards for water closets and urinals

    (1)(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the maximum water use 
allowed in gallons per flush for any of the following water closets 
manufactured after January 1, 1994, is the following:

            Gravity tank-type toilets...........                1.6 gpf.
            Flushometer tank toilets............                1.6 gpf.
            Electromechanical hydraulic toilets.                1.6 gpf.
            Blowout toilets.....................                3.5 gpf.

    (B) The maximum water use allowed for any gravity tank-type white 2-
piece toilet which bears an adhesive label conspicuous upon installation 
consisting of the words ``Commercial Use Only'' manufactured after 
January 1, 1994, and before January 1, 1997, is 3.5 gallons per flush.
    (C) The maximum water use allowed for flushometer valve toilets, 
other than blowout toilets, manufactured after January 1, 1997, is 1.6 
gallons per flush.
    (2) The maximum water use allowed for any urinal manufactured after 
January 1, 1994, is 1.0 gallon per flush.
    (3)(A) If the maximum flush volume requirements of ASME Standard 
A112.19.6-1990 are amended to improve the efficiency of water use of any 
low consumption water closet or low consumption urinal and are approved 
by ANSI, the Secretary shall, not later than 12 months after the date of 
such amendment, publish a final rule establishing an amended uniform 
national standard for that product at the level specified in amended 
ASME/ANSI Standard A112.19.6 and providing that such standard shall 
apply to products manufactured after a date which is one year after the 
publication of such rule, unless the Secretary determines, by rule 
published in the Federal Register, that adoption of a uniform national 
standard at the level specified in such amended ASME/ANSI Standard 
A112.19.6--
        (i) is not technologically feasible and economically justified 
    under subsection (o) of this section;
        (ii) is not consistent with the maintenance of public health and 
    safety; or
        (iii) is not consistent with the purposes of this chapter.

    (B)(i) As part of the rulemaking conducted under subparagraph (A), 
the Secretary shall also determine if adoption of a uniform national 
standard for any type or class of low consumption water closet or low 
consumption urinal more stringent than such amended ASME/ANSI Standard 
A112.19.6 for such product--
        (I) would result in additional conservation of energy or water;
        (II) would be technologically feasible and economically 
    justified under subsection (o) of this section; and
        (III) would be consistent with the maintenance of public health 
    and safety.

    (ii) If the Secretary makes an affirmative determination under 
clause (i), the final rule published under subparagraph (A) shall waive 
the provisions of section 6297(c) of this title with respect to any 
State regulation concerning the water use or water efficiency of such 
type or class of low consumption water closet or low consumption urinal 
if such State regulation--
        (I) is more stringent than amended ASME/ANSI Standard A112.19.6 
    for such type or class of low consumption water closet or low 
    consumption urinal and the standard in effect for such product on 
    the day before the date on which a final rule is published under 
    subparagraph (A); and
        (II) is applicable to any sale or installation of all products 
    in such type or class of low consumption water closet or low 
    consumption urinal.

    (C) If, after any period of five consecutive years, the maximum 
flush volume requirements of the ASME/ANSI standard for low consumption 
water closets are not amended to improve the efficiency of water use of 
such products, or after any such period such requirements for low 
consumption urinals are not amended to improve the efficiency of water 
use of such products, the Secretary shall, not later than six months 
after the end of such five-year period, publish a final rule waiving the 
provisions of section 6297(c) of this title with respect to any State 
regulation concerning the water use or water efficiency of such type or 
class of water closet or urinal if such State regulation--
        (i) is more stringent than the standards in effect for such type 
    or class of water closet or urinal; and
        (ii) is applicable to any sale or installation of all products 
    in such type or class of water closet or urinal.

(l) Standards for other covered products

    (1) The Secretary may prescribe an energy conservation standard for 
any type (or class) of covered products of a type specified in paragraph 
(19) of section 6292(a) of this title if the requirements of subsections 
(o) and (p) of this section are met and the Secretary determines that--
        (A) the average per household energy use within the United 
    States by products of such type (or class) exceeded 150 kilowatt-
    hours (or its Btu equivalent) for any 12-month period ending before 
    such determination;
        (B) the aggregate household energy use within the United States 
    by products of such type (or class) exceeded 4,200,000,000 kilowatt-
    hours (or its Btu equivalent) for any such 12-month period;
        (C) substantial improvement in the energy efficiency of products 
    of such type (or class) is technologically feasible; and
        (D) the application of a labeling rule under section 6294 of 
    this title to such type (or class) is not likely to be sufficient to 
    induce manufacturers to produce, and consumers and other persons to 
    purchase, covered products of such type (or class) which achieve the 
    maximum energy efficiency which is technologically feasible and 
    economically justified.

    (2) Any new or amended standard for covered products of a type 
specified in paragraph (19) of section 6292(a) of this title shall not 
apply to products manufactured within five years after the publication 
of a final rule establishing such standard.
    (3) The Secretary may, in accordance with subsections (o) and (p) of 
this section, prescribe an energy conservation standard for television 
sets. Any such standard may not become effective with respect to 
products manufactured before January 1, 1992.

(m) Further rulemaking

    After issuance of the last final rules required under subsections 
(b) through (i) of this section, the Secretary may publish final rules 
to determine whether standards for a covered product should be amended. 
An amendment prescribed under this subsection shall apply to products 
manufactured after a date which is 5 years after--
        (A) the effective date of the previous amendment made pursuant 
    to this part; or
        (B) if the previous final rule published under this part did not 
    amend the standard, the earliest date by which a previous amendment 
    could have been in effect, except that in no case may an amended 
    standard apply to products manufactured within 3 years (for 
    refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers, and freezers, room air 
    conditioners, dishwashers, clothes washers, clothes dryers, 
    fluorescent lamp ballasts, and kitchen ranges and ovens) or 5 years 
    (for central air conditioners and heat pumps, water heaters, pool 
    heaters, direct heating equipment and furnaces) after publication of 
    the final rule establishing a standard.

(n) Petition for amended standard

    (1) With respect to each covered product described in paragraphs (1) 
through (11), and in paragraphs (13) and (14) of section 6292(a) of this 
title, any person may petition the Secretary to conduct a rulemaking to 
determine for a covered product if the standards contained either in the 
last final rule required under subsections (b) through (i) of this 
section or in a final rule published under this section should be 
amended.
    (2) The Secretary shall grant a petition if he finds that it 
contains evidence which, assuming no other evidence were considered, 
provides an adequate basis for amending the standards under the 
following criteria--
        (A) amended standards will result in significant conservation of 
    energy;
        (B) amended standards are technologically feasible; and
        (C) amended standards are cost effective as described in 
    subsection (o)(2)(B)(i)(II) of this section.

The grant of a petition by the Secretary under this subsection creates 
no presumption with respect to the Secretary's determination of any of 
the criteria in a rulemaking under this section.
    (3) An amendment prescribed under this subsection shall apply to 
products manufactured after a date which is 5 years after--
        (A) the effective date of the previous amendment pursuant to 
    this part; or
        (B) if the previous final rule published under this part did not 
    amend the standard, the earliest date by which a previous amendment 
    could have been in effect, except that in no case may an amended 
    standard apply to products manufactured within 3 years (for 
    refrigerators, refrigerator-freezers, and freezers, room air 
    conditioners, dishwashers, clothes washers, clothes dryers, 
    fluorescent lamp ballasts, general service fluorescent lamps, 
    incandescent reflector lamps, and kitchen ranges and ovens) or 5 
    years (for central air conditioners and heat pumps, water heaters, 
    pool heaters, direct heating equipment and furnaces) after 
    publication of the final rule establishing a standard.

(o) Criteria for prescribing new or amended standards

    (1) The Secretary may not prescribe any amended standard which 
increases the maximum allowable energy use, or, in the case of 
showerheads, faucets, water closets, or urinals, water use, or decreases 
the minimum required energy efficiency, of a covered product.
    (2)(A) Any new or amended energy conservation standard prescribed by 
the Secretary under this section for any type (or class) of covered 
product shall be designed to achieve the maximum improvement in energy 
efficiency, or, in the case of showerheads, faucets, water closets, or 
urinals, water efficiency, which the Secretary determines is 
technologically feasible and economically justified.
    (B)(i) In determining whether a standard is economically justified, 
the Secretary shall, after receiving views and comments furnished with 
respect to the proposed standard, determine whether the benefits of the 
standard exceed its burdens by, to the greatest extent practicable, 
considering--
        (I) the economic impact of the standard on the manufacturers and 
    on the consumers of the products subject to such standard;
        (II) the savings in operating costs throughout the estimated 
    average life of the covered product in the type (or class) compared 
    to any increase in the price of, or in the initial charges for, or 
    maintenance expenses of, the covered products which are likely to 
    result from the imposition of the standard;
        (III) the total projected amount of energy, or as applicable, 
    water, savings likely to result directly from the imposition of the 
    standard;
        (IV) any lessening of the utility or the performance of the 
    covered products likely to result from the imposition of the 
    standard;
        (V) the impact of any lessening of competition, as determined in 
    writing by the Attorney General, that is likely to result from the 
    imposition of the standard;
        (VI) the need for national energy and water conservation; and
        (VII) other factors the Secretary considers relevant.

    (ii) For purposes of clause (i)(V), the Attorney General shall make 
a determination of the impact, if any, of any lessening of competition 
likely to result from such standard and shall transmit such 
determination, not later than 60 days after the publication of a 
proposed rule prescribing or amending an energy conservation standard, 
in writing to the Secretary, together with an analysis of the nature and 
extent of such impact. Any such determination and analysis shall be 
published by the Secretary in the Federal Register.
    (iii) If the Secretary finds that the additional cost to the 
consumer of purchasing a product complying with an energy conservation 
standard level will be less than three times the value of the energy, 
and as applicable, water, savings during the first year that the 
consumer will receive as a result of the standard, as calculated under 
the applicable test procedure, there shall be a rebuttable presumption 
that such standard level is economically justified. A determination by 
the Secretary that such criterion is not met shall not be taken into 
consideration in the Secretary's determination of whether a standard is 
economically justified.
    (3) The Secretary may not prescribe an amended or new standard under 
this section for a type (or class) of covered product if--
        (A) for products other than dishwashers, clothes washers, 
    clothes dryers, and kitchen ranges and ovens, a test procedure has 
    not been prescribed pursuant to section 6293 of this title with 
    respect to that type (or class) of product; or
        (B) the Secretary determines, by rule, that the establishment of 
    such standard will not result in significant conservation of energy 
    or, in the case of showerheads, faucets, water closets, or urinals, 
    water, or that the establishment of such standard is not 
    technologically feasible or economically justified.

For purposes of section 6297 of this title, a determination under 
subparagraph (B) with respect to any type (or class) of covered products 
shall have the same effect as would a standard prescribed for such type 
(or class).
    (4) The Secretary may not prescribe an amended or new standard under 
this section if the Secretary finds (and publishes such finding) that 
interested persons have established by a preponderance of the evidence 
that the standard is likely to result in the unavailability in the 
United States in any covered product type (or class) of performance 
characteristics (including reliability), features, sizes, capacities, 
and volumes that are substantially the same as those generally available 
in the United States at the time of the Secretary's finding. The failure 
of some types (or classes) to meet this criterion shall not affect the 
Secretary's determination of whether to prescribe a standard for other 
types (or classes).

(p) Procedure for prescribing new or amended standards

    Any new or amended energy conservation standard shall be prescribed 
in accordance with the following procedure:
        (1) The Secretary--
            (A) shall publish an advance notice of proposed rulemaking 
        which specifies the type (or class) of covered products to which 
        the rule may apply;
            (B) shall invite interested persons to submit, within 60 
        days after the date of publication of such advance notice, 
        written presentations of data, views, and arguments in response 
        to such notice; and
            (C) may identify proposed or amended standards that may be 
        prescribed.

        (2) A proposed rule which prescribes an amended or new energy 
    conservation standard or prescribes no amendment or no new standard 
    for a type (or class) of covered products shall be published in the 
    Federal Register. In prescribing any such proposed rule with respect 
    to a standard, the Secretary shall determine the maximum improvement 
    in energy efficiency or maximum reduction in energy use that is 
    technologically feasible for each type (or class) of covered 
    products. If such standard is not designed to achieve such 
    efficiency or use, the Secretary shall state in the proposed rule 
    the reasons therefor.
        (3) After the publication of such proposed rulemaking, the 
    Secretary shall, in accordance with section 6306 of this title, 
    afford interested persons an opportunity, during a period of not 
    less than 60 days, to present oral and written comments (including 
    an opportunity to question those who make such presentations, as 
    provided in such section) on matters relating to such proposed rule, 
    including--
            (A) whether the standard to be prescribed is economically 
        justified (taking into account those factors which the Secretary 
        must consider under subsection (o)(2) of this section) or will 
        result in the effects described in subsection (o)(4) of this 
        section;
            (B) whether the standard will achieve the maximum 
        improvement in energy efficiency which is technologically 
        feasible;
            (C) if the standard will not achieve such improvement, 
        whether the reasons for not achieving such improvement are 
        adequate; and
            (D) whether such rule should prescribe a level of energy use 
        or efficiency which is higher or lower than that which would 
        otherwise apply in the case of any group of products within the 
        type (or class) that will be subject to such standard.

        (4) A final rule prescribing an amended or new energy 
    conservation standard or prescribing no amended or new standard for 
    a type (or class) of covered products shall be published as soon as 
    is practicable, but not less than 90 days, after publication of the 
    proposed rule in the Federal Register.

(q) Special rule for certain types or classes of products

    (1) A rule prescribing an energy conservation standard for a type 
(or class) of covered products shall specify a level of energy use or 
efficiency higher or lower than that which applies (or would apply) for 
such type (or class) for any group of covered products which have the 
same function or intended use, if the Secretary determines that covered 
products within such group--
        (A) consume a different kind of energy from that consumed by 
    other covered products within such type (or class); or
        (B) have a capacity or other performance-related feature which 
    other products within such type (or class) do not have and such 
    feature justifies a higher or lower standard from that which applies 
    (or will apply) to other products within such type (or class).

In making a determination under this paragraph concerning whether a 
performance-related feature justifies the establishment of a higher or 
lower standard, the Secretary shall consider such factors as the utility 
to the consumer of such a feature, and such other factors as the 
Secretary deems appropriate.
    (2) Any rule prescribing a higher or lower level of energy use or 
efficiency under paragraph (1) shall include an explanation of the basis 
on which such higher or lower level was established.

(r) Inclusion in standards of test procedures and other requirements

    Any new or amended energy conservation standard prescribed under 
this section shall include, where applicable, test procedures prescribed 
in accordance with section 6293 of this title and may include any 
requirement which the Secretary determines is necessary to assure that 
each covered product to which such standard applies meets the required 
minimum level of energy efficiency or maximum quantity of energy use 
specified in such standard.

(s) Determination of compliance with standards

    Compliance with, and performance under, the energy conservation 
standards (except for design standards authorized by this part) 
established in, or prescribed under, this section shall be determined 
using the test procedures and corresponding compliance criteria 
prescribed under section 6293 of this title.

(t) Small manufacturer exemption

    (1) Subject to paragraph (2), the Secretary may, on application of 
any manufacturer, exempt such manufacturer from all or part of the 
requirements of any energy conservation standard established in or 
prescribed under this section for any period not longer than the 24-
month period beginning on the date such rule becomes effective, if the 
Secretary finds that the annual gross revenues of such manufacturer from 
all its operations (including the manufacture and sale of covered 
products) does not exceed $8,000,000 for the 12-month period preceding 
the date of the application. In making such finding with respect to any 
manufacturer, the Secretary shall take into account the annual gross 
revenues of any other person who controls, is controlled by, or is under 
common control with, such manufacturer.
    (2) The Secretary may not exercise the authority granted under 
paragraph (1) with respect to any type (or class) of covered product 
subject to an energy conservation standard under this section unless the 
Secretary makes a finding, after obtaining the written views of the 
Attorney General, that a failure to allow an exemption under paragraph 
(1) would likely result in a lessening of competition.

(Pub. L. 94-163, title III, Sec. 325, Dec. 22, 1975, 89 Stat. 923; Pub. 
L. 94-385, title I, Sec. 161, Aug. 14, 1976, 90 Stat. 1140; Pub. L. 95-
619, title IV, Sec. 422, Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3259; Pub. L. 100-12, 
Sec. 5, Mar. 17, 1987, 101 Stat. 107; Pub. L. 100-357, Sec. 2(e), June 
28, 1988, 102 Stat. 673; Pub. L. 102-486, title I, Sec. 123(f), Oct. 24, 
1992, 106 Stat. 2824; Pub. L. 105-388, Sec. 5(a)(5), Nov. 13, 1998, 112 
Stat. 3478.)

                       References in Text

    This chapter, referred to in subsecs. (j)(3)(A)(iii) and 
(k)(3)(A)(iii), was in the original ``this Act'', meaning Pub. L. 94-
163, Dec. 22, 1975, 89 Stat. 871, as amended, known as the Energy Policy 
and Conservation Act. For complete classification of this Act to the 
Code, see Short Title note set out under section 6201 of this title and 
Tables.


                               Amendments

    1998--Subsec. (e)(4)(A). Pub. L. 105-388, Sec. 5(a)(5)(A), 
substituted ``paragraph'' for ``paragraphs''.
    Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 105-388, Sec. 5(a)(5)(B), substituted 
``ballasts'' for ``ballasts;'' in heading.
    1992--Subsecs. (i) to (k). Pub. L. 102-486, Sec. 123(f)(2), added 
subsecs. (i) to (k). Former subsecs. (i) to (k) redesignated (l) to (n), 
respectively.
    Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 102-486, Sec. 123(f)(1), redesignated subsec. 
(i) as (l). Former subsec. (l) redesignated (o).
    Subsec. (l)(1). Pub. L. 102-486, Sec. 123(f)(3), substituted 
``paragraph (19)'' for ``paragraph (14)'' and ``subsections (o) and 
(p)'' for ``subsections (l) and (m)''.
    Subsec. (l)(2). Pub. L. 102-486, Sec. 123(f)(3)(A), substituted 
``(19)'' for ``(14)''.
    Subsec. (l)(3). Pub. L. 102-486, Sec. 123(f)(3)(B), substituted 
``(o) and (p)'' for ``(l) and (m)''.
    Subsec. (m). Pub. L. 102-486, Sec. 123(f)(1), (4), redesignated 
subsec. (j) as (m) and substituted ``(i)'' for ``(h)'' in introductory 
provisions. Former subsec. (m) redesignated (p).
    Subsec. (n). Pub. L. 102-486, Sec. 123(f)(1), redesignated subsec. 
(k) as (n). Former subsec. (n) redesignated (q).
    Subsec. (n)(1). Pub. L. 102-486, Sec. 123(f)(5)(A), substituted ``, 
and in paragraphs (13) and (14)'' for ``and in paragraph (13)'' and 
``subsections (b) through (i)'' for ``subsections (b) through (h)''.
    Subsec. (n)(2)(C). Pub. L. 102-486, Sec. 123(f)(5)(B), substituted 
``subsection (o)(2)(B)(i)(II)'' for ``subsection (l)(2)(B)(i)(II)''.
    Subsec. (n)(3)(B). Pub. L. 102-486, Sec. 123(f)(5)(C), inserted 
``general service fluorescent lamps, incandescent reflector lamps,'' 
after ``fluorescent lamp ballasts,''.
    Subsec. (o). Pub. L. 102-486, Sec. 123(f)(1), redesignated subsec. 
(l) as (o). Former subsec. (o) redesignated (r).
    Subsec. (o)(1). Pub. L. 102-486, Sec. 123(f)(6)(A), inserted ``or, 
in the case of showerheads, faucets, water closets, or urinals, water 
use,'' after ``energy use,''.
    Subsec. (o)(2)(A). Pub. L. 102-486, Sec. 123(f)(6)(B), inserted ``, 
or, in the case of showerheads, faucets, water closets, or urinals, 
water efficiency,'' after ``energy efficiency''.
    Subsec. (o)(2)(B)(i)(III). Pub. L. 102-486, Sec. 123(f)(6)(C), 
inserted ``, or as applicable, water,'' after ``energy''.
    Subsec. (o)(2)(B)(i)(VI). Pub. L. 102-486, Sec. 123(f)(6)(D), 
inserted ``and water'' after ``energy''.
    Subsec. (o)(2)(B)(iii). Pub. L. 102-486, Sec. 123(f)(6)(E), 
substituted ``energy, and as applicable, water, savings'' for ``energy 
savings''.
    Subsec. (o)(3)(B). Pub. L. 102-486, Sec. 123(f)(6)(F), inserted ``, 
in the case of showerheads, faucets, water closets, or urinals, water, 
or'' after ``energy or''.
    Subsec. (p). Pub. L. 102-486, Sec. 123(f)(1), redesignated subsec. 
(m) as (p). Former subsec. (p) redesignated (s).
    Subsec. (p)(3)(A). Pub. L. 102-486, Sec. 123(f)(7), substituted 
``subsection (o)(2)'' for ``subsection (l)(2)'' and ``subsection 
(o)(4)'' for ``subsection (l)(4)''.
    Subsecs. (q) to (t). Pub. L. 102-486, Sec. 123(f)(1), redesignated 
subsecs. (n) to (q) as (q) to (t), respectively.
    1988--Subsec. (e)(1)(C). Pub. L. 100-357, Sec. 2(e)(3), inserted 
``Volume'' after ``Rated Storage''.
    Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 100-357, Sec. 2(e)(1)(A), inserted ``; 
fluorescent lamp ballasts;'' in heading.
    Subsec. (g)(5) to (7). Pub. L. 100-357, Sec. 2(e)(1)(B), added pars. 
(5) to (7).
    Subsec. (i)(1), (2). Pub. L. 100-357, Sec. 2(e)(2), substituted 
``(14)'' for ``(13)''.
    Subsec. (j)(B). Pub. L. 100-357, Sec. 2(e)(4)(A), inserted 
``fluorescent lamp ballasts,'' after ``clothes dryers,'' and substituted 
``heating'' for ``hearing''.
    Subsec. (k)(1). Pub. L. 100-357, Sec. 2(e)(4)(B)(i), inserted ``and 
in paragraph (13)'' after ``(11)''.
    Subsec. (k)(3)(B). Pub. L. 100-357, Sec. 2(e)(4)(B)(ii), inserted 
``fluorescent lamp ballasts,'' after ``clothes dryers,''.
    1987--Pub. L. 100-12 amended section generally, revising and 
restating as subsecs. (a) to (q) provisions formerly contained in 
subsecs. (a) to (j).
    1978--Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 95-619 substituted provisions authorizing 
Secretary to prescribe an energy efficiency standard for each type of 
covered product specified in section 6292(a)(1) to (13) of this title, 
authorizing such prescription for any type of covered product specified 
in section 6292(a)(14) of this title where certain conditions are found 
to exist, and requiring publication of a list of those types of covered 
products considered subject to prescribed standards in the Federal 
Register not later than two years after Nov. 9, 1978, for provisions 
requiring the Administrator, meaning the Administrator of the Federal 
Energy Administration, to direct the National Bureau of Standards to 
develop an energy efficiency improvement target for each type of covered 
product listed in section 6292(a)(1) to (10) of this title, requiring 
prescription of such a target by the Administrator not later than ninety 
days after Aug. 14, 1976, requiring such targets be designed to exceed 
by 1980 by at least twenty percent the aggregate energy efficiency of 
the covered products as manufactured in 1972, requiring similar energy 
efficiency targets be prescribed for covered products specified in 
section 6292(a)(11) to (13) of this title not later than one year after 
Aug. 14, 1976, authorizing the Administrator to modify periodically any 
established targets, requiring the manufacturers of any covered products 
to submit reports as requested by the Administrator to help in 
establishing and reaching such targets, authorizing the Administrator to 
commence proceedings in certain situations to prescribe initial or 
revised targets, specifying when improvements of energy efficiency are 
economically justified, and authorizing the Attorney General to 
determine any negative effects on competition so as to make certain 
improvements economically unjustified.
    Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 95-619 substituted provisions specifying 
preconditions for prescription of a standard for a type or class of 
covered products for provisions specifying the procedure to be followed 
in prescribing energy efficiency standards.
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 95-619 substituted provisions requiring energy 
efficiency standards for each type of covered products be designed to 
achieve the maximum improvement in energy efficiency which the Secretary 
determines feasible and justified and requiring such standards be phased 
in over a period not to exceed five years for provisions relating to the 
prescription of test procedures and the requirements necessary to meet 
minimum energy efficiency levels.
    Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 95-619 substituted provisions relating to a 
determination by the Secretary of the economic justification of any 
particular energy efficiency standard and a determination by the 
Attorney General of the impact on competition of any proposed standard 
for provisions relating to labeling rules.
    Subsecs. (e) to (j). Pub. L. 95-619 added subsecs. (e) to (j).
    1976--Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 94-385, Sec. 161(a), transferred 
authority to determine energy targets from the Administrator to the 
National Bureau of Standards and substituted 90 days after August 14, 
1976, for 180 days after December 22, 1975, for the promulgation of 
rules by the Administrator.
    Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 94-385, Sec. 161(b), transferred authority 
to determine energy targets from the Administrator to the National 
Bureau of Standards and substituted one year after August 14, 1976, for 
one year after December 22, 1975, for the promulgation of rules by the 
Administrator.

                  Section Referred to in Other Sections

    This section is referred to in sections 6291, 6293, 6294, 6296, 
6297, 6302, 6304, 6305, 6306, 6307, 6316, 6317 of this title.
