
From the U.S. Code Online via GPO Access
[wais.access.gpo.gov]
[Laws in effect as of January 23, 2000]
[Document not affected by Public Laws enacted between
  January 23, 2000 and December 4, 2001]
[CITE: 42USC7583]

 
                 TITLE 42--THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE
 
            CHAPTER 85--AIR POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL
 
          SUBCHAPTER II--EMISSION STANDARDS FOR MOVING SOURCES
 
                       Part C--Clean Fuel Vehicles
 
Sec. 7583. Standards for light-duty clean-fuel vehicles


(a) Exhaust standards for light-duty vehicles and certain light-duty 
        trucks

    The standards set forth in this subsection shall apply in the case 
of clean-fuel vehicles which are light-duty trucks of up to 6,000 lbs. 
gross vehicle weight rating (gvwr) (but not including light-duty trucks 
of more than 3,750 lbs. loaded vehicle weight (lvw)) or light-duty 
vehicles:

                             (1) Phase I

        Beginning with model year 1996, for the air pollutants specified 
    in the following table, the clean-fuel vehicle standards under this 
    section shall provide that vehicle exhaust emissions shall not 
    exceed the levels specified in the following table:

 Phase I Clean Fuel Vehicle Emission Standards for Light-Duty Trucks of
 up to 3,750 Lbs. LVW and up to 6,000 Lbs. GVWR and Light-Duty Vehicles
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               HCHO
          Pollutant             NMOG    CO  NO<INF>x</INF>    PM     (formaldeh
yde)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50,000 mile standard.........   0.125  3.4  0.4  ......  0.015
100,000 mile standard........   0.156  4.2  0.6   0.08*  0.018
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Standards are expressed in grams per mile (gpm).
*Standards for particulates (PM) shall apply only to diesel-fueled
  vehicles.
In the case of the 50,000 mile standards and the 100,000 mile standards,
  for purposes of certification, the applicable useful life shall be
  50,000 miles or 100,000 miles, respectively.

                            (2) Phase II

        Beginning with model year 2001, for air pollutants specified in 
    the following table, the clean-fuel vehicle standards under this 
    section shall provide that vehicle exhaust emissions shall not 
    exceed the levels specified in the following table.

 Phase II Clean Fuel Vehicle Emission Standards for Light-Duty Trucks of
 up to 3,750 Lbs. LVW and up to 6,000 Lbs. GVWR and Light-Duty Vehicles
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               HCHO
           Pollutant             NMOG    CO  NO<INF>x</INF>   PM*    (formaldeh
yde)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50,000 mile standard..........   0.075  3.4  0.2  .....  0.015
100,000 mile standard.........   0.090  4.2  0.3   0.08  0.018
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Standards are expressed in grams per mile (gpm).
*Standards for particulates (PM) shall apply only to diesel-fueled
  vehicles.
In the case of the 50,000 mile standards and the 100,000 mile standards,
  for purposes of certification, the applicable useful life shall be
  50,000 miles or 100,000 miles, respectively.

(b) Exhaust standards for light-duty trucks of more than 3,750 lbs. LVW 
        and up to 5,750 lbs. LVW and up to 6,000 lbs. GVWR

    The standards set forth in this paragraph shall apply in the case of 
clean-fuel vehicles which are light-duty trucks of more than 3,750 lbs. 
loaded vehicle weight (lvw) but not more than 5,750 lbs. lvw and not 
more than 6,000 lbs. gross weight rating (GVWR):

                             (1) Phase I

        Beginning with model year 1996, for the air pollutants specified 
    in the following table, the clean-fuel vehicle standards under this 
    section shall provide that vehicle exhaust emissions shall not 
    exceed the levels specified in the following table.

 Phase I Clean Fuel Vehicle Emission Standards for Light-Duty Trucks of
 More Than 3,750 Lbs. and up to 5,750 Lbs. LVW and up to 6,000 Lbs. GVWR
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               HCHO
           Pollutant             NMOG    CO  NO<INF>x</INF>   PM*    (formaldeh
yde)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50,000 mile standard..........   0.160  4.4  0.7  .....  0.018
100,000 mile standard.........   0.200  5.5  0.9   0.08  0.023
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Standards are expressed in grams per mile (gpm).
*Standards for particulates (PM) shall apply only to diesel-fueled
  vehicles.
In the case of the 50,000 mile standards and the 100,000 mile standards,
  for purposes of certification, the applicable useful life shall be
  50,000 miles or 100,000 miles, respectively.

                            (2) Phase II

        Beginning with model year 2001, for the air pollutants specified 
    in the following table, the clean-fuel vehicle standards under this 
    section shall provide that vehicle exhaust emissions shall not 
    exceed the levels specified in the following table.

 Phase II Clean Fuel Vehicle Emission Standards for Light-Duty Trucks of
 More Than 3,750 Lbs. LVW and up to 5,750 Lbs. LVW and up to 6,000 Lbs.
                                  GVWR
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               HCHO
           Pollutant             NMOG    CO  NO<INF>x</INF>   PM*    (formaldeh
yde)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50,000 mile standard..........   0.100  4.4  0.4  .....  0.018
100,000 mile standard.........   0.130  5.5  0.5   0.08  0.023
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Standards are expressed in grams per mile (gpm).
*Standards for particulates (PM) shall apply only to diesel-fueled
  vehicles.
In the case of the 50,000 mile standards and the 100,000 mile standards,
  for purposes of certification, the applicable useful life shall be
  50,000 miles or 100,000 miles, respectively.

(c) Exhaust standards for light-duty trucks greater than 6,000 lbs. GVWR

    The standards set forth in this subsection shall apply in the case 
of clean-fuel vehicles which are light-duty trucks of more than 6,000 
lbs. gross weight rating (GVWR) and less than or equal to 8,500 lbs. 
GVWR, beginning with model year 1998. For the air pollutants specified 
in the following table, the clean-fuel vehicle standards under this 
section shall provide that vehicle exhaust emissions of vehicles within 
the test weight categories specified in the following table shall not 
exceed the levels specified in such table.

Clean Fuel Vehicle Emission Standards for Light Duty Trucks Greater Than
                             6,000 lbs. GVWR
                Test Weight Category: Up to 3,750 lbs. tw
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               HCHO
          Pollutant            NMOG    CO    NO<INF>x</INF>    PM*   (formaldeh
yde)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50,000 mile standard........   0.125  3.4   0.4**  .....  0.015
120,000 mile standard.......   0.180  5.0   0.6     0.08  0.022
------------------------------------------------------------------------


      Test Weight Category: Above 3,750 but not above 5,750 lbs. tw
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               HCHO
          Pollutant            NMOG    CO    NO<INF>x</INF>    PM*   (formaldeh
yde)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50,000 mile standard........   0.160  4.4   0.7**  .....  0.018
120,000 mile standard.......   0.230  6.4   1.0     0.10  0.027
------------------------------------------------------------------------


   Test Weight Category: Above 5,750 tw but not above 8,500 lbs. gvwr
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               HCHO
          Pollutant            NMOG    CO    NO<INF>x</INF>    PM*   (formaldeh
yde)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
50,000 mile standard........   0.195  5.0   1.1**  .....  0.022
120,000 mile standard.......   0.280  7.3   1.5     0.12  0.032
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Standards are expressed in grams per mile (gpm).
*Standards for particulates (PM) shall apply only to diesel-fueled
  vehicles.
**Standard not applicable to diesel-fueled vehicles.
For the 50,000 mile standards and the 120,000 mile standards set forth
  in the table, the applicable useful life for purposes of certification
  shall be 50,000 miles or 120,000 miles, respectively.

(d) Flexible and dual-fuel vehicles

                           (1) In general

        The Administrator shall establish standards and requirements 
    under this section for the model year 1996 and thereafter for 
    vehicles weighing not more than 8,500 lbs. gvwr which are capable of 
    operating on more than one fuel. Such standards shall require that 
    such vehicles meet the exhaust standards applicable under subsection 
    \1\ (a), (b), and (c) of this section for CO, NO<INF>x</INF>, and 
    HCHO, and if appropriate, PM for single-fuel vehicles of the same 
    vehicle category and model year.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ So in original. Probably should be ``subsections''.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (2) Exhaust NMOG standard for operation on clean alternative 
                                    fuel

        In addition to standards for the pollutants referred to in 
    paragraph (1), the standards established under paragraph (1) shall 
    require that vehicle exhaust emissions of NMOG not exceed the levels 
    (expressed in grams per mile) specified in the tables below when the 
    vehicle is operated on the clean alternative fuel for which such 
    vehicle is certified:

 NMOG Standards for Flexible- and Dual-Fueled Vehicles When Operating on
                         Clean Alternative Fuel
     Light-duty Trucks up to 6,000 lbs. GVWR and Light-duty vehicles
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                   Column A (50,000    Column B (100,000
          Vehicle Type               mi.) Standard       mi.) Standard
                                         (gpm)               (gpm)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Beginning MY 1996:
LDT's (0-3,750 lbs. LVW) and             0.125               0.156
 light-duty vehicles.
LDT's (3,751-5,750 lbs. LVW)....         0.160               0.20
Beginning MY 2001:
LDT's (0-3,750 lbs. LVW) and             0.075               0.090
 light-duty vehicles.
LDT's (3,751-5,750 lbs. LVW)....         0.100               0.130
------------------------------------------------------------------------
For standards under column A, for purposes of certification under
  section 7525 of this title, the applicable useful life shall be 50,000
  miles.
For standards under column B, for purposes of certification under
  section 7525 of this title, the applicable useful life shall be
  100,000 miles.


               Light-duty Trucks More than 6,000 lbs. GVWR
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                   Column A (50,000    Column B (120,000
          Vehicle Type               mi.) Standard       mi.) Standard

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Beginning MY 1998:
LDT's (0-3,750 lbs. TW).........         0.125               0.180
LDT's (3,751-5,750 lbs. TW).....         0.160               0.230
LDT's (above 5,750 lbs. TW).....         0.195               0.280
------------------------------------------------------------------------
For standards under column A, for purposes of certification under
  section 7525 of this title, the applicable useful life shall be 50,000
  miles.
For standards under column B, for purposes of certification under
  section 7525 of this title, the applicable useful life shall be
  120,000 miles.

        (3) NMOG standard for operation on conventional fuel

        In addition to the standards referred to in paragraph (1), the 
    standards established under paragraph (1) shall require that vehicle 
    exhaust emissions of NMOG not exceed the levels (expressed in grams 
    per mile) specified in the tables below:

 NMOG Standards for Flexible- and Dual-Fueled Vehicles When Operating on
                            Conventional Fuel
   Light-duty Trucks of up to 6,000 lbs. GVWR and Light-duty vehicles
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                   Column A (50,000    Column B (100,000
          Vehicle Type               mi.) Standard       mi.) Standard
                                         (gpm)               (gpm)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Beginning MY 1996:
LDT's (0-3,750 lbs. LVW) and             0.25                0.31
 light-duty vehicles.
LDT's (3,751-5,750 lbs. LVW)....         0.32                0.40
Beginning MY 2001:
LDT's (0-3,750 lbs. LVW) and             0.125               0.156
 light-duty vehicles.
LDT's (3,751-5,750 lbs. LVW)....         0.160               0.200
------------------------------------------------------------------------
For standards under column A, for purposes of certification under
  section 7525 of this title, the applicable useful life shall be 50,000
  miles.
For standards under column B, for purposes of certification under
  section 7525 of this title, the applicable useful life shall be
  100,000 miles.


               Light-duty Trucks of up to 6,000 lbs. GVWR
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                   Column A (50,000    Column B (120,000
          Vehicle Type               mi.) Standard       mi.) Standard

------------------------------------------------------------------------
Beginning MY 1998:
LDT's (0-3,750 lbs. TW).........         0.25                0.36
LDT's (3,751-5,750 lbs. TW).....         0.32                0.46
LDT's (above 5,750 lbs. TW).....         0.39                0.56
------------------------------------------------------------------------
For standards under column A, for purposes of certification under
  section 7525 of this title, the applicable useful life shall be 50,000
  miles.
For standards under column B, for purposes of certification under
  section 7525 of this title, the applicable useful life shall be
  120,000 miles.

(e) Replacement by CARB standards

                  (1) Single set of CARB standards

        If the State of California promulgates regulations establishing 
    and implementing a single set of standards applicable in California 
    pursuant to a waiver approved under section 7543 of this title to 
    any category of vehicles referred to in subsection (a), (b), (c), or 
    (d) of this section and such set of standards is, in the aggregate, 
    at least as protective of public health and welfare as the otherwise 
    applicable standards set forth in section 7582 of this title and 
    subsection (a), (b), (c), or (d) of this section, such set of 
    California standards shall apply to clean-fuel vehicles in such 
    category in lieu of the standards otherwise applicable under section 
    7582 of this title and subsection (a), (b), (c), or (d) of this 
    section, as the case may be.

                 (2) Multiple sets of CARB standards

        If the State of California promulgates regulations establishing 
    and implementing several different sets of standards applicable in 
    California pursuant to a waiver approved under section 7543 of this 
    title to any category of vehicles referred to in subsection (a), 
    (b), (c), or (d) of this section and each of such sets of California 
    standards is, in the aggregate, at least as protective of public 
    health and welfare as the otherwise applicable standards set forth 
    in section 7582 of this title and subsection (a), (b), (c), or (d) 
    of this section, such standards shall be treated as ``qualifying 
    California standards'' for purposes of this paragraph. Where more 
    than one set of qualifying standards are established and 
    administered by the State of California, the least stringent set of 
    qualifying California standards shall apply to the clean-fuel 
    vehicles concerned in lieu of the standards otherwise applicable to 
    such vehicles under section 7582 of this title and this section.

(f) Less stringent CARB standards

    If the Low-Emission Vehicle and Clean Fuels Regulations of the 
California Air Resources Board applicable to any category of vehicles 
referred to in subsection (a), (b), (c), or (d) of this section are 
modified after November 15, 1990, to provide an emissions standard which 
is less stringent than the otherwise applicable standard set forth in 
subsection (a), (b), (c), or (d) of this section, or if any effective 
date contained in such regulations is delayed, such modified standards 
or such delay (or both, as the case may be) shall apply, for an interim 
period, in lieu of the standard or effective date otherwise applicable 
under subsection (a), (b), (c), or (d) of this section to any vehicles 
covered by such modified standard or delayed effective date. The interim 
period shall be a period of not more than 2 model years from the 
effective date otherwise applicable under subsection (a), (b), (c), or 
(d) of this section. After such interim period, the otherwise applicable 
standard set forth in subsection (a), (b), (c), or (d) of this section 
shall take effect with respect to such vehicles (unless subsequently 
replaced under subsection (e) of this section).

(g) Not applicable to heavy-duty vehicles

    Notwithstanding any provision of the Low-Emission Vehicle and Clean 
Fuels Regulations of the California Air Resources Board nothing in this 
section shall apply to heavy-duty engines in vehicles of more than 8,500 
lbs. GVWR.

(July 14, 1955, ch. 360, title II, Sec. 243, as added Pub. L. 101-549, 
title II, Sec. 229(a), Nov. 15, 1990, 104 Stat. 2514.)

                  Section Referred to in Other Sections

    This section is referred to in sections 7581, 7582, 7586, 7587 of 
this title.
