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[Laws in effect as of January 23, 2000]
[Document affected by Public Law 106-181 Section 157]
[Document affected by Public Law 106-181 Section 160]
[Document affected by Public Law 106-181 Section 304]
[Document affected by Public Law 106-181 Section 516]
[Document affected by Public Law 106-181 Section 520]
[Document affected by Public Law 106-181 Section 743]
[Document affected by Public Law 106-181 Section 905]
[CITE: 49USC44505]

 
                        TITLE 49--TRANSPORTATION
 
                     SUBTITLE VII--AVIATION PROGRAMS
 
                     PART A--AIR COMMERCE AND SAFETY
 
                           subpart iii--safety
 
            CHAPTER 445--FACILITIES, PERSONNEL, AND RESEARCH
 
Sec. 44505. Systems, procedures, facilities, and devices

    (a) General Requirements.--(1) The Administrator of the Federal 
Aviation Administration shall--
        (A) develop, alter, test, and evaluate systems, procedures, 
    facilities, and devices, and define their performance 
    characteristics, to meet the needs for safe and efficient navigation 
    and traffic control of civil and military aviation, except for needs 
    of the armed forces that are peculiar to air warfare and primarily 
    of military concern; and
        (B) select systems, procedures, facilities, and devices that 
    will best serve those needs and promote maximum coordination of air 
    traffic control and air defense systems.

    (2) The Administrator may make contracts to carry out this 
subsection without regard to section 3324(a) and (b) of title 31.
    (3) When a substantial question exists under paragraph (1) of this 
subsection about whether a matter is of primary concern to the armed 
forces, the Administrator shall decide whether the Administrator or the 
Secretary of the appropriate military department has responsibility. The 
Administrator shall be given technical information related to each 
research and development project of the armed forces that potentially 
applies to, or potentially conflicts with, the common system to ensure 
that potential application to the common system is considered properly 
and that potential conflicts with the system are eliminated.
    (b) Research on Human Factors and Simulation Models.--The 
Administrator shall conduct or supervise research--
        (1) to develop a better understanding of the relationship 
    between human factors and aviation accidents and between human 
    factors and air safety;
        (2) to enhance air traffic controller, mechanic, and flight crew 
    performance;
        (3) to develop a human-factor analysis of the hazards associated 
    with new technologies to be used by air traffic controllers, 
    mechanics, and flight crews;
        (4) to identify innovative and effective corrective measures for 
    human errors that adversely affect air safety; and
        (5) to develop dynamic simulation models of the air traffic 
    control system and airport design and operating procedures that will 
    provide analytical technology--
            (A) to predict airport and air traffic control safety and 
        capacity problems;
            (B) to evaluate planned research projects; and
            (C) to test proposed revisions in airport and air traffic 
        control operations programs.

    (c) Research on Developing and Maintaining a Safe and Efficient 
System.--The Administrator shall conduct or supervise research on--
        (1) airspace and airport planning and design;
        (2) airport capacity enhancement techniques;
        (3) human performance in the air transportation environment;
        (4) aviation safety and security;
        (5) the supply of trained air transportation personnel, 
    including pilots and mechanics; and
        (6) other aviation issues related to developing and maintaining 
    a safe and efficient air transportation system.

    (d) Cooperative Agreements.--The Administrator may enter into 
cooperative agreements on a cost-shared basis with Federal and non-
Federal entities that the Administrator may select in order to conduct, 
encourage, and promote aviation research, engineering, and development, 
including the development of prototypes and demonstration models.

(Pub. L. 103-272, Sec. 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1177; Pub. L. 103-
305, title III, Sec. 307, Aug. 23, 1994, 108 Stat. 1593.)

                                          Historical and Revision Notes
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
           Revised  Section                    Source (U.S. Code)              
 Source (Statutes at Large)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------
44505(a)(1)...........................  49 App.:1353(c) (1st sentence).  Aug. 2
3, 1958, Pub. L. 85-726, Sec.
                                                                          312(c
) (1st, 5th-last sentences), 72
                                                                          Stat.
 752.
                                        49 App.:1655(c)(1).              Oct. 1
5, 1966, Pub. L. 89-670, Sec.
                                                                          6(c)(
1), 80 Stat. 938; Jan. 12, 1983,
                                                                          Pub. 
L. 97-449, Sec.  7(b), 96 Stat.
                                                                          2444.
44505(a)(2)...........................  49 App.:1353(c) (5th sentence).
                                        49 App.:1655(c)(1).
44505(a)(3)...........................  49 App.:1353(c) (6th, last
                                         sentences).
                                        49 App.:1655(c)(1).
44505(b)..............................  49 App.:1353(c) (2d, 3d          Aug. 2
3, 1958, Pub. L. 85-726, 72 Stat.
                                         sentences).                      731, 
Sec.  312(c) (2d, 3d sentences);
                                                                          added
 Nov. 3, 1988, Pub. L. 100-591,
                                                                          Sec. 
 3, 102 Stat. 3011.
44505(c)..............................  49 App.:1353(c) (4th sentence).  Aug. 2
3, 1958, Pub. L. 85-726, 72 Stat.
                                                                          731, 
Sec.  312(c) (4th sentence);
                                                                          added
 Nov. 5, 1990, Pub. L. 101-508,
                                                                          Sec. 
 9209(c), 104 Stat. 1388-378.
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---------------------------------

    In this section, the word ``Administrator'' in section 312(c) of the 
Federal Aviation Act of 1958 (Public Law 85-726, 72 Stat. 752) is 
retained on authority of 49:106(g).
    In subsection (a)(1) and (3), the words ``the armed forces'' are 
substituted for ``military agencies'' and ``the military'' because of 
the definition of ``armed forces'' in 10:101.
    In subsection (a)(3), the words ``military department'' are 
substituted for ``military agency'' because of the definition of 
``military department'' in 10:101. The words ``the needs of'' and ``to 
the maximum extent necessary'' are omitted as surplus.


                               Amendments

    1994--Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 103-305 added subsec. (d).

                  Section Referred to in Other Sections

    This section is referred to in sections 106, 40119, 44501, 44508, 
48102 of this title.
