
From the U.S. Code Online via GPO Access
[wais.access.gpo.gov]
[Laws in effect as of January 2, 2001]
[Document affected by Public Law 107-76 Section 777]
[CITE: 7USC1737]

 
                          TITLE 7--AGRICULTURE
 
        CHAPTER 41--AGRICULTURAL TRADE DEVELOPMENT AND ASSISTANCE
 
                 SUBCHAPTER V--FARMER-TO-FARMER PROGRAM
 
Sec. 1737. Farmer-to-farmer program


(a) In general

    To further assist developing countries, middle-income countries, and 
emerging markets to increase farm production and farmer incomes, the 
President may, notwithstanding any other provision of law--
        (1) establish and administer a program of farmer-to-farmer 
    assistance between the United States and such countries to assist in 
    increasing food production and distribution and improving the 
    effectiveness of the farming and marketing operations of farmers;
        (2) utilize United States farmers, agriculturalists, land grant 
    universities, private agribusinesses, and nonprofit farm 
    organizations to work in conjunction with farmers and farm 
    organizations in such countries, on a voluntary basis, to facilitate 
    the improvement of farm and agribusiness operations and agricultural 
    systems in such countries, including animal care and health, field 
    crop cultivation, fruit and vegetable growing, livestock operations, 
    food processing and packaging, farm credit, marketing, inputs, 
    agricultural extension, and the strengthening of cooperatives and 
    other farmer groups;
        (3) transfer the knowledge and expertise of United States 
    agricultural producers and businesses, on a people-to-people basis, 
    to such countries while enhancing the democratic process by 
    supporting private and public agriculturally related organizations 
    that request and support technical assistance activities through 
    cash and in-kind services;
        (4) to the extent practicable, enter into contracts or other 
    cooperative agreements with or make grants to private voluntary 
    organizations, cooperatives, land grant universities, private 
    agribusiness, or nonprofit farm organizations to carry out this 
    section (except that any such contract or other agreement may 
    obligate the United States to make outlays only to the extent that 
    the budget authority for such outlays is available pursuant to 
    subsection (c) of this section or has otherwise been provided in 
    advance in appropriation Acts);
        (5) coordinate programs established under this section with 
    other foreign assistance activities carried out by the United 
    States; and
        (6) to the extent that local currencies can be used to meet the 
    costs of a program established under this section, augment funds of 
    the United States that are available for such a program through the 
    use of foreign currencies that accrue from the sale of agricultural 
    commodities under this chapter, and local currencies generated from 
    other types of foreign assistance activities, within the country 
    where the program is being conducted.

(b) Definitions

    The following definitions apply for purposes of this section:

                         (1) Emerging market

        The term ``emerging market'' means any country that the 
    Secretary determines--
            (A) is taking steps toward a market-oriented economy through 
        the food, agriculture, or rural business sectors of the economy 
        of the country; and
            (B) has the potential to provide a viable and significant 
        market for United States agricultural commodities or products of 
        United States agricultural commodities.

                      (2) Middle income country

        The term ``middle income country'' means a country that has 
    developed economically to the point where it does not receive 
    bilateral development assistance from the United States.

(c) Minimum funding

    Notwithstanding any other provision of law, not less than 0.4 
percent of the amounts made available for each of the fiscal years 1996 
through 2002 to carry out this chapter, in addition to any funds that 
may be specifically appropriated to carry out this section, shall be 
used to carry out programs under this section, with not less than 0.2 
percent to be used for programs in developing countries.

(July 10, 1954, ch. 469, title V, Sec. 501, as added Pub. L. 101-624, 
title XV, Sec. 1512, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3656; amended Pub. L. 102-
237, title III, Sec. 301, Dec. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1855; Pub. L. 104-
127, title II, Secs. 224, 277(c)(1), Apr. 4, 1996, 110 Stat. 959, 979.)


                               Amendments

    1996--Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104-127, Sec. 277(c)(1)(A), substituted 
``emerging markets'' for ``emerging democracies'' in introductory 
provisions.
    Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 104-127, Sec. 224(1), added par. (6) and 
struck out former par. (6) which read as follows: ``to the extent 
practicable, augment the funds available for programs established under 
this section through the use of foreign currencies that accrue from the 
sale of agricultural commodities under this chapter, and local 
currencies generated from other types of foreign assistance 
activities.''
    Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 104-127, Sec. 277(c)(1)(B), added par. (1) 
and struck out heading and text of former par. (1). Text read as 
follows: ``The term ``emerging democracy'' means a country that is 
taking steps toward--
        ``(A) political pluralism, based on progress toward free and 
    fair elections and a multiparty political system;
        ``(B) economic reform, based on progress toward a market-
    oriented economy;
        ``(C) respect for internationally recognized human rights; and
        ``(D) a willingness to build a friendly relationship with the 
    United States.''
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 104-127, Sec. 224(2), substituted ``0.4 percent 
of the amounts'' for ``0.2 percent of the amounts'', ``1996 through 
2002'' for ``1991 through 1995'', and ``0.2 percent to be used'' for 
``0.1 percent to be used''.
    1991--Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 102-237 struck out comma after 
``public''.


                             Effective Date

    Section effective Jan. 1, 1991, see section 1513 of Pub. L. 101-624, 
set out as an Effective Date of 1990 Amendment note under section 1691 
of this title.
