
From the U.S. Code Online via GPO Access
[wais.access.gpo.gov]
[Laws in effect as of January 2, 2001]
[Document not affected by Public Laws enacted between
  January 2, 2001 and January 28, 2002]
[CITE: 7USC2015]

 
                          TITLE 7--AGRICULTURE
 
                     CHAPTER 51--FOOD STAMP PROGRAM
 
Sec. 2015. Eligibility disqualifications


(a) Additional specific conditions rendering individuals ineligible

    In addition to meeting the standards of eligibility prescribed in 
section 2014 of this title, households and individuals who are members 
of eligible households must also meet and comply with the specific 
requirements of this section to be eligible for participation in the 
food stamp program.

(b) Fraud and misrepresentation; disqualification penalties; 
        ineligibility period; applicable procedures

    (1) Any person who has been found by any State or Federal court or 
administrative agency to have intentionally (A) made a false or 
misleading statement, or misrepresented, concealed or withheld facts, or 
(B) committed any act that constitutes a violation of this chapter, the 
regulations issued thereunder, or any State statute, for the purpose of 
using, presenting, transferring, acquiring, receiving, or possessing 
coupons or authorization cards shall, immediately upon the rendering of 
such determination, become ineligible for further participation in the 
program--
        (i) for a period of 1 year upon the first occasion of any such 
    determination;
        (ii) for a period of 2 years upon--
            (I) the second occasion of any such determination; or
            (II) the first occasion of a finding by a Federal, State, or 
        local court of the trading of a controlled substance (as defined 
        in section 802 of title 21) for coupons; and

        (iii) permanently upon--
            (I) the third occasion of any such determination;
            (II) the second occasion of a finding by a Federal, State, 
        or local court of the trading of a controlled substance (as 
        defined in section 802 of title 21) for coupons;
            (III) the first occasion of a finding by a Federal, State, 
        or local court of the trading of firearms, ammunition, or 
        explosives for coupons; or
            (IV) a conviction of an offense under subsection (b) or (c) 
        of section 2024 of this title involving an item covered by 
        subsection (b) or (c) of section 2024 of this title having a 
        value of $500 or more.

During the period of such ineligibility, no household shall receive 
increased benefits under this chapter as the result of a member of such 
household having been disqualified under this subsection.
    (2) Each State agency shall proceed against an individual alleged to 
have engaged in such activity either by way of administrative hearings, 
after notice and an opportunity for a hearing at the State level, or by 
referring such matters to appropriate authorities for civil or criminal 
action in a court of law.
    (3) Such periods of ineligibility as are provided for in paragraph 
(1) of this subsection shall remain in effect, without possibility of 
administrative stay, unless and until the finding upon which the 
ineligibility is based is subsequently reversed by a court of 
appropriate jurisdiction, but in no event shall the period of 
ineligibility be subject to review.
    (4) The Secretary shall prescribe such regulations as the Secretary 
may deem appropriate to ensure that information concerning any such 
determination with respect to a specific individual is forwarded to the 
Office of the Secretary by any appropriate State or Federal entity for 
the use of the Secretary in administering the provisions of this 
section. No State shall withhold such information from the Secretary or 
the Secretary's designee for any reason whatsoever.

(c) Refusal to provide necessary information

    No household shall be eligible to participate in the food stamp 
program if it refuses to cooperate in providing information to the State 
agency that is necessary for making a determination of its eligibility 
or for completing any subsequent review of its eligibility.
        (1)(A) A State agency may require certain categories of 
    households to file periodic reports of income and household 
    circumstances in accordance with standards prescribed by the 
    Secretary, except that a State agency may not require periodic 
    reporting by--
            (i) migrant or seasonal farmworker households;
            (ii) households in which all members are homeless 
        individuals; or
            (iii) households that have no earned income and in which all 
        adult members are elderly or disabled.

        (B) Each household that is not required to file such periodic 
    reports on a monthly basis shall be required to report or cause to 
    be reported to the State agency changes in income or household 
    circumstances that the Secretary considers necessary to assure 
    accurate eligibility and benefit determinations.
        (C) A State agency may require periodic reporting on a monthly 
    basis by households residing on a reservation only if--
            (i) the State agency reinstates benefits, without requiring 
        a new application, for any household residing on a reservation 
        that submits a report not later than 1 month after the end of 
        the month in which benefits would otherwise be provided;
            (ii) the State agency does not delay, reduce, suspend, or 
        terminate the allotment of a household that submits a report not 
        later than 1 month after the end of the month in which the 
        report is due;
            (iii) on March 25, 1994, the State agency requires 
        households residing on a reservation to file periodic reports on 
        a monthly basis; and
            (iv) the certification period for households residing on a 
        reservation that are required to file periodic reports on a 
        monthly basis is 2 years, unless the State demonstrates just 
        cause to the Secretary for a shorter certification period.

        (2) Any household required to file a periodic report under 
    paragraph (1) of this subsection shall, (A) if it is eligible to 
    participate and has filed a timely and complete report, receive its 
    allotment, based on the reported information for a given month, 
    within thirty days of the end of that month unless the Secretary 
    determines that a longer period of time is necessary, (B) have 
    available special procedures that permit the filing of the required 
    information in the event all adult members of the household are 
    mentally or physically handicapped or lacking in reading or writing 
    skills to such a degree as to be unable to fill out the required 
    forms, (C) have a reasonable period of time after the close of the 
    month in which to file their reports on State agency designed forms, 
    (D) be afforded prompt notice of failure to file any report timely 
    or completely, and given a reasonable opportunity to cure that 
    failure (with any applicable time requirements extended accordingly) 
    and to exercise its rights under section 2020(e)(10) of this title, 
    and (E) be provided each month (or other applicable period) with an 
    appropriate, simple form for making the required reports of the 
    household together with clear instructions explaining how to 
    complete the form and the rights and responsibilities of the 
    household under any periodic reporting system.
        (3) Reports required to be filed under paragraph (1) of this 
    subsection shall be considered complete if they contain the 
    information relevant to eligibility and benefit determinations that 
    is specified by the State agency. All report forms, including those 
    related to periodic reports of circumstances, shall contain a 
    description, in understandable terms in prominent and bold face 
    lettering, of the appropriate civil and criminal provisions dealing 
    with violations of this chapter including the prescribed penalties. 
    Reports required to be filed monthly under paragraph (1) shall be 
    the sole reporting requirement for subject matter included in such 
    reports. In promulgating regulations implementing these reporting 
    requirements, the Secretary shall consult with the Commissioner of 
    Social Security and the Secretary of Health and Human Services, and, 
    wherever feasible, households that receive assistance under title 
    IV-A of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.] and that are 
    required to file comparable reports under that Act [42 U.S.C. 301 et 
    seq.] shall be provided the opportunity to file reports at the same 
    time for purposes of this chapter and the Social Security Act.
        (4) Except as provided in paragraph (1)(C), any household that 
    fails to submit periodic reports required by paragraph (1) shall not 
    receive an allotment for the payment period to which the unsubmitted 
    report applies until such report is submitted.
        (5) The Secretary is authorized, upon the request of a State 
    agency, to waive any provisions of this subsection (except the 
    provisions of the first sentence of paragraph (1) which relate to 
    households which are not required to file periodic reports) to the 
    extent necessary to permit the State agency to establish periodic 
    reporting requirements for purposes of this chapter which are 
    similar to the periodic reporting requirements established under the 
    State program funded under part A of title IV of the Social Security 
    Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) in that State.

(d) Conditions of participation

    (1) Work requirements.--
        (A) In general.--No physically and mentally fit individual over 
    the age of 15 and under the age of 60 shall be eligible to 
    participate in the food stamp program if the individual--
            (i) refuses, at the time of application and every 12 months 
        thereafter, to register for employment in a manner prescribed by 
        the Secretary;
            (ii) refuses without good cause to participate in an 
        employment and training program established under paragraph (4), 
        to the extent required by the State agency;
            (iii) refuses without good cause to accept an offer of 
        employment, at a site or plant not subject to a strike or 
        lockout at the time of the refusal, at a wage not less than the 
        higher of--
                (I) the applicable Federal or State minimum wage; or
                (II) 80 percent of the wage that would have governed had 
            the minimum hourly rate under section 6(a)(1) of the Fair 
            Labor Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 206(a)(1)) been 
            applicable to the offer of employment;

            (iv) refuses without good cause to provide a State agency 
        with sufficient information to allow the State agency to 
        determine the employment status or the job availability of the 
        individual;
            (v) voluntarily and without good cause--
                (I) quits a job; or
                (II) reduces work effort and, after the reduction, the 
            individual is working less than 30 hours per week; or

            (vi) fails to comply with section 2029 of this title.

        (B) Household ineligibility.--If an individual who is the head 
    of a household becomes ineligible to participate in the food stamp 
    program under subparagraph (A), the household shall, at the option 
    of the State agency, become ineligible to participate in the food 
    stamp program for a period, determined by the State agency, that 
    does not exceed the lesser of--
            (i) the duration of the ineligibility of the individual 
        determined under subparagraph (C); or
            (ii) 180 days.

        (C) Duration of ineligibility.--
            (i) First violation.--The first time that an individual 
        becomes ineligible to participate in the food stamp program 
        under subparagraph (A), the individual shall remain ineligible 
        until the later of--
                (I) the date the individual becomes eligible under 
            subparagraph (A);
                (II) the date that is 1 month after the date the 
            individual became ineligible; or
                (III) a date determined by the State agency that is not 
            later than 3 months after the date the individual became 
            ineligible.

            (ii) Second violation.--The second time that an individual 
        becomes ineligible to participate in the food stamp program 
        under subparagraph (A), the individual shall remain ineligible 
        until the later of--
                (I) the date the individual becomes eligible under 
            subparagraph (A);
                (II) the date that is 3 months after the date the 
            individual became ineligible; or
                (III) a date determined by the State agency that is not 
            later than 6 months after the date the individual became 
            ineligible.

            (iii) Third or subsequent violation.--The third or 
        subsequent time that an individual becomes ineligible to 
        participate in the food stamp program under subparagraph (A), 
        the individual shall remain ineligible until the later of--
                (I) the date the individual becomes eligible under 
            subparagraph (A);
                (II) the date that is 6 months after the date the 
            individual became ineligible;
                (III) a date determined by the State agency; or
                (IV) at the option of the State agency, permanently.

        (D) Administration.--
            (i) Good cause.--The Secretary shall determine the meaning 
        of good cause for the purpose of this paragraph.
            (ii) Voluntary quit.--The Secretary shall determine the 
        meaning of voluntarily quitting and reducing work effort for the 
        purpose of this paragraph.
            (iii) Determination by state agency.--
                (I) In general.--Subject to subclause (II) and clauses 
            (i) and (ii), a State agency shall determine--
                    (aa) the meaning of any term used in subparagraph 
                (A);
                    (bb) the procedures for determining whether an 
                individual is in compliance with a requirement under 
                subparagraph (A); and
                    (cc) whether an individual is in compliance with a 
                requirement under subparagraph (A).

                (II) Not less restrictive.--A State agency may not use a 
            meaning, procedure, or determination under subclause (I) 
            that is less restrictive on individuals receiving benefits 
            under this chapter than a comparable meaning, procedure, or 
            determination under a State program funded under part A of 
            title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.).

            (iv) Strike against the government.--For the purpose of 
        subparagraph (A)(v), an employee of the Federal Government, a 
        State, or a political subdivision of a State, who is dismissed 
        for participating in a strike against the Federal Government, 
        the State, or the political subdivision of the State shall be 
        considered to have voluntarily quit without good cause.
            (v) Selecting a head of household.--
                (I) In general.--For purposes of this paragraph, the 
            State agency shall allow the household to select any adult 
            parent of a child in the household as the head of the 
            household if all adult household members making application 
            under the food stamp program agree to the selection.
                (II) Time for making designation.--A household may 
            designate the head of the household under subclause (I) each 
            time the household is certified for participation in the 
            food stamp program, but may not change the designation 
            during a certification period unless there is a change in 
            the composition of the household.

            (vi) Change in head of household.--If the head of a 
        household leaves the household during a period in which the 
        household is ineligible to participate in the food stamp program 
        under subparagraph (B)--
                (I) the household shall, if otherwise eligible, become 
            eligible to participate in the food stamp program; and
                (II) if the head of the household becomes the head of 
            another household, the household that becomes headed by the 
            individual shall become ineligible to participate in the 
            food stamp program for the remaining period of 
            ineligibility.

    (2) A person who otherwise would be required to comply with the 
requirements of paragraph (1) of this subsection shall be exempt from 
such requirements if he or she is (A) currently subject to and complying 
with a work registration requirement under title IV of the Social 
Security Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. 602), or the Federal-State 
unemployment compensation system, in which case, failure by such person 
to comply with any work requirement to which such person is subject 
shall be the same as failure to comply with that requirement of 
paragraph (1); (B) a parent or other member of a household with 
responsibility for the care of a dependent child under age six or of an 
incapacitated person; (C) a bona fide student enrolled at least half 
time in any recognized school, training program, or institution of 
higher education (except that any such person enrolled in an institution 
of higher education shall be ineligible to participate in the food stamp 
program unless he or she meets the requirements of subsection (e) of 
this section); (D) a regular participant in a drug addiction or 
alcoholic treatment and rehabilitation program; (E) employed a minimum 
of thirty hours per week or receiving weekly earnings which equal the 
minimum hourly rate under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as 
amended (29 U.S.C. 206(a)(1)), multiplied by thirty hours; or (F) a 
person between the ages of sixteen and eighteen who is not a head of a 
household or who is attending school, or enrolled in an employment 
training program, on at least a half-time basis. A State that requested 
a waiver to lower the age specified in subparagraph (B) and had the 
waiver denied by the Secretary as of August 1, 1996, may, for a period 
of not more than 3 years, lower the age of a dependent child that 
qualifies a parent or other member of a household for an exemption under 
subparagraph (B) to between 1 and 6 years of age.
    (3) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a household shall 
not participate in the food stamp program at any time that any member of 
such household, not exempt from the work registration requirements of 
paragraph (1) of this subsection, is on strike as defined in section 
142(2) of title 29, because of a labor dispute (other than a lockout) as 
defined in section 152(9) of title 29: Provided, That a household shall 
not lose its eligibility to participate in the food stamp program as a 
result of one of its members going on strike if the household was 
eligible for food stamps immediately prior to such strike, however, such 
household shall not receive an increased allotment as the result of a 
decrease in the income of the striking member or members of the 
household: Provided further, That such ineligibility shall not apply to 
any household that does not contain a member on strike, if any of its 
members refuses to accept employment at a plant or site because of a 
strike or lockout.
    (4) Employment and training.--
        (A) In general.--
            (i) Implementation.--Each State agency shall implement an 
        employment and training program designed by the State agency and 
        approved by the Secretary for the purpose of assisting members 
        of households participating in the food stamp program in gaining 
        skills, training, work, or experience that will increase their 
        ability to obtain regular employment.
            (ii) Statewide workforce development system.--Each component 
        of an employment and training program carried out under this 
        paragraph shall be delivered through a statewide workforce 
        development system, unless the component is not available 
        locally through such a system.

        (B) For purposes of this chapter, an ``employment and training 
    program'' means a program that contains one or more of the following 
    components, except that the State agency shall retain the option to 
    apply employment requirements prescribed under this subparagraph to 
    a program applicant at the time of application:
            (i) Job search programs.
            (ii) Job search training programs that include, to the 
        extent determined appropriate by the State agency, reasonable 
        job search training and support activities that may consist of 
        jobs skills assessments, job finding clubs, training in 
        techniques for employability, job placement services, or other 
        direct training or support activities, including educational 
        programs, determined by the State agency to expand the job 
        search abilities or employability of those subject to the 
        program.
            (iii) Workfare programs operated under section 2029 of this 
        title.
            (iv) Programs designed to improve the employability of 
        household members through actual work experience or training, or 
        both, and to enable individuals employed or trained under such 
        programs to move promptly into regular public or private 
        employment. An employment or training experience program 
        established under this clause shall--
                (I) not provide any work that has the effect of 
            replacing the employment of an individual not participating 
            in the employment or training experience program; and
                (II) provide the same benefits and working conditions 
            that are provided at the job site to employees performing 
            comparable work for comparable hours.

            (v) Educational programs or activities to improve basic 
        skills and literacy, or otherwise improve employability, 
        including educational programs determined by the State agency to 
        expand the job search abilities or employability of those 
        subject to the program under this paragraph.
            (vi) Programs designed to increase the self-sufficiency of 
        recipients through self-employment, including programs that 
        provide instruction for self-employment ventures.
            (vii) As approved by the Secretary or the State under 
        regulations issued by the Secretary, other employment, 
        educational and training programs, projects, and experiments, 
        such as a supported work program, aimed at accomplishing the 
        purpose of the employment and training program.

        (C) The State agency may provide that participation in an 
    employment and training program may supplement or supplant other 
    employment-related requirements imposed on those subject to the 
    program.
        (D)(i) Each State agency may exempt from any requirement for 
    participation in any program under this paragraph categories of 
    household members.
        (ii) Each State agency may exempt from any requirement for 
    participation individual household members not included in any 
    category designated as exempt under clause (i).
        (iii) Any exemption of a category or individual under this 
    subparagraph shall be periodically evaluated to determine whether 
    the exemption continues to be valid.
        (E) Each State agency shall establish requirements for 
    participation by individuals not exempt under subparagraph (D) in 
    one or more employment and training programs under this paragraph, 
    including the extent to which any individual is required to 
    participate. Such requirements may vary among participants.
        (F)(i) The total hours of work in an employment and training 
    program carried out under this paragraph required of members of a 
    household, together with the hours of work of such members in any 
    program carried out under section 2029 of this title, in any month 
    collectively may not exceed a number of hours equal to the 
    household's allotment for such month divided by the higher of the 
    applicable State minimum wage or Federal minimum hourly rate under 
    the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 [29 U.S.C. 206(a)(1)].
        (ii) The total hours of participation in such program required 
    of any member of a household, individually, in any month, together 
    with any hours worked in another program carried out under section 
    2029 of this title and any hours worked for compensation (in cash or 
    in kind) in any other capacity, shall not exceed one hundred and 
    twenty hours per month.
        (G) The State agency may operate any program component under 
    this paragraph in which individuals elect to participate.
        (H) Federal funds made available to a State agency for purposes 
    of the component authorized under subparagraph (B)(v) shall not be 
    used to supplant non-Federal funds used for existing services and 
    activities that promote the purposes of this component.
        (I)(i) The State agency shall provide payments or reimbursements 
    to participants in programs carried out under this paragraph, 
    including individuals participating under subparagraph (G), for--
            (I) the actual costs of transportation and other actual 
        costs (other than dependent care costs), that are reasonably 
        necessary and directly related to participation in the program, 
        except that the State agency may limit such reimbursement to 
        each participant to $25 per month; and
            (II) the actual costs of such dependent care expenses that 
        are determined by the State agency to be necessary for the 
        participation of an individual in the program (other than an 
        individual who is the caretaker relative of a dependent in a 
        family receiving benefits under part A of title IV of the Social 
        Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) in a local area where an 
        employment, training, or education program under title IV of 
        such Act [42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.] is in operation), except that 
        no such payment or reimbursement shall exceed the applicable 
        local market rate. Individuals subject to the program under this 
        paragraph may not be required to participate if dependent costs 
        exceed the limit established by the State agency under this 
        subclause or other actual costs exceed any limit established 
        under subclause (I).

        (ii) In lieu of providing reimbursements or payments for 
    dependent care expenses under clause (i), a State agency may, at its 
    option, arrange for dependent care through providers by the use of 
    purchase of service contracts or vouchers or by providing vouchers 
    to the household.
        (iii) The value of any dependent care services provided for or 
    arranged under clause (ii), or any amount received as a payment or 
    reimbursement under clause (i), shall--
            (I) not be treated as income for the purposes of any other 
        Federal or federally assisted program that bases eligibility 
        for, or the amount of benefits on, need; and
            (II) not be claimed as an employment-related expense for the 
        purposes of the credit provided under section 21 of title 26.

        (J) The Secretary shall promulgate guidelines that (i) enable 
    State agencies, to the maximum extent practicable, to design and 
    operate an employment and training program that is compatible and 
    consistent with similar programs operated within the State, and (ii) 
    ensure, to the maximum extent practicable, that employment and 
    training programs are provided for Indians on reservations.
        (K) Limitation on funding.--Notwithstanding any other provision 
    of this paragraph, the amount of funds a State agency uses to carry 
    out this paragraph (including funds used to carry out subparagraph 
    (I)) for participants who are receiving benefits under a State 
    program funded under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act 
    (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) shall not exceed the amount of funds the 
    State agency used in fiscal year 1995 to carry out this paragraph 
    for participants who were receiving benefits in fiscal year 1995 
    under a State program funded under part A of title IV of the Act (42 
    U.S.C. 601 et seq.).
        (L) The Secretary shall ensure that State agencies comply with 
    the requirements of this paragraph and section 2020(e)(22) \1\ of 
    this title.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \1\ See References in Text note below.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
        (M) The facilities of the State public employment offices and 
    other State agencies and providers carrying out activities under 
    title I of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 [29 U.S.C. 2801 et 
    seq.] may be used to find employment and training opportunities for 
    household members under the programs under this paragraph.

(e) Students

    No individual who is a member of a household otherwise eligible to 
participate in the food stamp program under this section shall be 
eligible to participate in the food stamp program as a member of that or 
any other household if the individual is enrolled at least half-time in 
an institution of higher education, unless the individual--
        (1) is under age 18 or is age 50 or older;
        (2) is not physically or mentally fit;
        (3) is assigned to or placed in an institution of higher 
    education through or in compliance with the requirements of--
             (A) a program under title I of the Workforce Investment Act 
        of 1998 [29 U.S.C. 2801 et seq.];
            (B) an employment and training program under this section;
            (C) a program under section 2296 of title 19; or
            (D) another program for the purpose of employment and 
        training operated by a State or local government, as determined 
        to be appropriate by the Secretary;

        (4) is employed a minimum of 20 hours per week or participating 
    in a State or federally financed work study program during the 
    regular school year;
        (5) is--
            (A) a parent with responsibility for the care of a dependent 
        child under age 6; or
            (B) a parent with responsibility for the care of a dependent 
        child above the age of 5 and under the age of 12 for whom 
        adequate child care is not available to enable the individual to 
        attend class and satisfy the requirements of paragraph (4);

        (6) is receiving benefits under a State program funded under 
    part A of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et 
    seq.);
        (7) is so enrolled as a result of participation in the work 
    incentive program under title IV of the Social Security Act [42 
    U.S.C. 601 et seq.] or its successor programs; or
        (8) is enrolled full-time in an institution of higher education, 
    as determined by the institution, and is a single parent with 
    responsibility for the care of a dependent child under age 12.

(f) Aliens

    No individual who is a member of a household otherwise eligible to 
participate in the food stamp program under this section shall be 
eligible to participate in the food stamp program as a member of that or 
any other household unless he or she is (1) a resident of the United 
States and (2) either (A) a citizen or (B) an alien lawfully admitted 
for permanent residence as an immigrant as defined by sections 
1101(a)(15) and 1101(a)(20) of title 8, excluding, among others, alien 
visitors, tourists, diplomats, and students who enter the United States 
temporarily with no intention of abandoning their residence in a foreign 
country; or (C) an alien who entered the United States prior to June 30, 
1948, or such subsequent date as is enacted by law, has continuously 
maintained his or her residence in the United States since then, and is 
not ineligible for citizenship, but who is deemed to be lawfully 
admitted for permanent residence as a result of an exercise of 
discretion by the Attorney General pursuant to section 1259 of title 8; 
or (D) an alien who has qualified for conditional entry pursuant to 
sections 1157 and 1158 of title 8; or (E) an alien who is lawfully 
present in the United States as a result of an exercise of discretion by 
the Attorney General for emergent reasons or reasons deemed strictly in 
the public interest pursuant to section 1182(d)(5) of title 8; or (F) an 
alien within the United States as to whom the Attorney General has 
withheld deportation pursuant to section 1231(b)(3) of title 8. No 
aliens other than the ones specifically described in clauses (B) through 
(F) of this subsection shall be eligible to participate in the food 
stamp program as a member of any household. The income (less, at State 
option, a pro rata share) and financial resources of the individual 
rendered ineligible to participate in the food stamp program under this 
subsection shall be considered in determining the eligibility and the 
value of the allotment of the household of which such individual is a 
member.

(g) Residents of States which provide State supplementary payments

    No individual who receives supplemental security income benefits 
under title XVI of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 1381 et seq.], 
State supplementary payments described in section 1616 of such Act [42 
U.S.C. 1382e], or payments of the type referred to in section 212(a) of 
Public Law 93-66, as amended, shall be considered to be a member of a 
household for any month, if, for such month, such individual resides in 
a State which provides State supplementary payments (1) of the type 
described in section 1616(a) of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 
1382e(a)] and section 212(a) of Public Law 93-66, and (2) the level of 
which has been found by the Commissioner of Social Security to have been 
specifically increased so as to include the bonus value of food stamps.

(h) Transfer of assets to qualify

    No household that knowingly transfers assets for the purpose of 
qualifying or attempting to qualify for the food stamp program shall be 
eligible to participate in the program for a period of up to one year 
from the date of discovery of the transfer.

(i) Comparable treatment for disqualification

                           (1) In general

        If a disqualification is imposed on a member of a household for 
    a failure of the member to perform an action required under a 
    Federal, State, or local law relating to a means-tested public 
    assistance program, the State agency may impose the same 
    disqualification on the member of the household under the food stamp 
    program.

                      (2) Rules and procedures

        If a disqualification is imposed under paragraph (1) for a 
    failure of an individual to perform an action required under part A 
    of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.), the 
    State agency may use the rules and procedures that apply under part 
    A of title IV of the Act to impose the same disqualification under 
    the food stamp program.

            (3) Application after disqualification period

        A member of a household disqualified under paragraph (1) may, 
    after the disqualification period has expired, apply for benefits 
    under this chapter and shall be treated as a new applicant, except 
    that a prior disqualification under subsection (d) of this section 
    shall be considered in determining eligibility.

(j) Disqualification for receipt of multiple food stamp benefits

    An individual shall be ineligible to participate in the food stamp 
program as a member of any household for a 10-year period if the 
individual is found by a State agency to have made, or is convicted in a 
Federal or State court of having made, a fraudulent statement or 
representation with respect to the identity or place of residence of the 
individual in order to receive multiple benefits simultaneously under 
the food stamp program.

(k) Disqualification of fleeing felons

    No member of a household who is otherwise eligible to participate in 
the food stamp program shall be eligible to participate in the program 
as a member of that or any other household during any period during 
which the individual is--
        (1) fleeing to avoid prosecution, or custody or confinement 
    after conviction, under the law of the place from which the 
    individual is fleeing, for a crime, or attempt to commit a crime, 
    that is a felony under the law of the place from which the 
    individual is fleeing or that, in the case of New Jersey, is a high 
    misdemeanor under the law of New Jersey; or
        (2) violating a condition of probation or parole imposed under a 
    Federal or State law.

(l) Custodial parent's cooperation with child support agencies

                           (1) In general

        At the option of a State agency, subject to paragraphs (2) and 
    (3), no natural or adoptive parent or other individual (collectively 
    referred to in this subsection as ``the individual'') who is living 
    with and exercising parental control over a child under the age of 
    18 who has an absent parent shall be eligible to participate in the 
    food stamp program unless the individual cooperates with the State 
    agency administering the program established under part D of title 
    IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 651 et seq.)--
            (A) in establishing the paternity of the child (if the child 
        is born out of wedlock); and
            (B) in obtaining support for--
                (i) the child; or
                (ii) the individual and the child.

                  (2) Good cause for noncooperation

        Paragraph (1) shall not apply to the individual if good cause is 
    found for refusing to cooperate, as determined by the State agency 
    in accordance with standards prescribed by the Secretary in 
    consultation with the Secretary of Health and Human Services. The 
    standards shall take into consideration circumstances under which 
    cooperation may be against the best interests of the child.

                              (3) Fees

        Paragraph (1) shall not require the payment of a fee or other 
    cost for services provided under part D of title IV of the Social 
    Security Act (42 U.S.C. 651 et seq.).

(m) Noncustodial parent's cooperation with child support agencies

                           (1) In general

        At the option of a State agency, subject to paragraphs (2) and 
    (3), a putative or identified noncustodial parent of a child under 
    the age of 18 (referred to in this subsection as ``the individual'') 
    shall not be eligible to participate in the food stamp program if 
    the individual refuses to cooperate with the State agency 
    administering the program established under part D of title IV of 
    the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 651 et seq.)--
            (A) in establishing the paternity of the child (if the child 
        is born out of wedlock); and
            (B) in providing support for the child.

                      (2) Refusal to cooperate

        (A) Guidelines

            The Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Health 
        and Human Services, shall develop guidelines on what constitutes 
        a refusal to cooperate under paragraph (1).

        (B) Procedures

            The State agency shall develop procedures, using guidelines 
        developed under subparagraph (A), for determining whether an 
        individual is refusing to cooperate under paragraph (1).

                              (3) Fees

        Paragraph (1) shall not require the payment of a fee or other 
    cost for services provided under part D of title IV of the Social 
    Security Act (42 U.S.C. 651 et seq.).

                             (4) Privacy

        The State agency shall provide safeguards to restrict the use of 
    information collected by a State agency administering the program 
    established under part D of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 
    U.S.C. 651 et seq.) to purposes for which the information is 
    collected.

(n) Disqualification for child support arrears

                           (1) In general

        At the option of a State agency, no individual shall be eligible 
    to participate in the food stamp program as a member of any 
    household during any month that the individual is delinquent in any 
    payment due under a court order for the support of a child of the 
    individual.

                           (2) Exceptions

        Paragraph (1) shall not apply if--
            (A) a court is allowing the individual to delay payment; or
            (B) the individual is complying with a payment plan approved 
        by a court or the State agency designated under part D of title 
        IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 651 et seq.) to provide 
        support for the child of the individual.

(o) Work requirement

                    (1) ``Work program'' defined

        In this subsection, the term ``work program'' means--
            (A) a program under the \2\ title I of the Workforce 
        Investment Act of 1998 [29 U.S.C. 2801 et seq.];
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    \2\ So in original. The word ``the'' probably should not appear.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
            (B) a program under section 2296 of title 19; and
            (C) a program of employment and training operated or 
        supervised by a State or political subdivision of a State that 
        meets standards approved by the Governor of the State, including 
        a program under subsection (d)(4) of this section, other than a 
        job search program or a job search training program.

                        (2) Work requirement

        Subject to the other provisions of this subsection, no 
    individual shall be eligible to participate in the food stamp 
    program as a member of any household if, during the preceding 36-
    month period, the individual received food stamp benefits for not 
    less than 3 months (consecutive or otherwise) during which the 
    individual did not--
            (A) work 20 hours or more per week, averaged monthly;
            (B) participate in and comply with the requirements of a 
        work program for 20 hours or more per week, as determined by the 
        State agency;
            (C) participate in and comply with the requirements of a 
        program under section 2029 of this title or a comparable program 
        established by a State or political subdivision of a State; or
            (D) receive benefits pursuant to paragraph (3), (4), (5), or 
        (6).

                            (3) Exception

        Paragraph (2) shall not apply to an individual if the individual 
    is--
            (A) under 18 or over 50 years of age;
            (B) medically certified as physically or mentally unfit for 
        employment;
            (C) a parent or other member of a household with 
        responsibility for a dependent child;
            (D) otherwise exempt under subsection (d)(2) of this 
        section; or
            (E) a pregnant woman.

                             (4) Waiver

        (A) In general

            On the request of a State agency, the Secretary may waive 
        the applicability of paragraph (2) to any group of individuals 
        in the State if the Secretary makes a determination that the 
        area in which the individuals reside--
                (i) has an unemployment rate of over 10 percent; or
                (ii) does not have a sufficient number of jobs to 
            provide employment for the individuals.

        (B) Report

            The Secretary shall report the basis for a waiver under 
        subparagraph (A) to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of 
        Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and 
        Forestry of the Senate.

                     (5) Subsequent eligibility

        (A) Regaining eligibility

            An individual denied eligibility under paragraph (2) shall 
        regain eligibility to participate in the food stamp program if, 
        during a 30-day period, the individual--
                (i) works 80 or more hours;
                (ii) participates in and complies with the requirements 
            of a work program for 80 or more hours, as determined by a 
            State agency; or
                (iii) participates in and complies with the requirements 
            of a program under section 2029 of this title or a 
            comparable program established by a State or political 
            subdivision of a State.

        (B) Maintaining eligibility

            An individual who regains eligibility under subparagraph (A) 
        shall remain eligible as long as the individual meets the 
        requirements of subparagraph (A), (B), or (C) of paragraph (2).

        (C) Loss of employment

            (i) In general

                An individual who regained eligibility under 
            subparagraph (A) and who no longer meets the requirements of 
            subparagraph (A), (B), or (C) of paragraph (2) shall remain 
            eligible for a consecutive 3-month period, beginning on the 
            date the individual first notifies the State agency that the 
            individual no longer meets the requirements of subparagraph 
            (A), (B), or (C) of paragraph (2).
            (ii) Limitation

                An individual shall not receive any benefits pursuant to 
            clause (i) for more than a single 3-month period in any 36-
            month period.

                      (6) 15-percent exemption

        (A) Definitions

            In this paragraph:
            (i) Caseload

                The term ``caseload'' means the average monthly number 
            of individuals receiving food stamps during the 12-month 
            period ending the preceding June 30.
            (ii) Covered individual

                The term ``covered individual'' means a food stamp 
            recipient, or an individual denied eligibility for food 
            stamp benefits solely due to paragraph (2), who--
                    (I) is not eligible for an exception under paragraph 
                (3);
                    (II) does not reside in an area covered by a waiver 
                granted under paragraph (4);
                    (III) is not complying with subparagraph (A), (B), 
                or (C) of paragraph (2);
                    (IV) is not receiving food stamp benefits during the 
                3 months of eligibility provided under paragraph (2); 
                and
                    (V) is not receiving food stamp benefits under 
                paragraph (5).

        (B) General rule

            Subject to subparagraphs (C) through (G), a State agency may 
        provide an exemption from the requirements of paragraph (2) for 
        covered individuals.

        (C) Fiscal year 1998

            Subject to subparagraphs (E) and (G), for fiscal year 1998, 
        a State agency may provide a number of exemptions such that the 
        average monthly number of the exemptions in effect during the 
        fiscal year does not exceed 15 percent of the number of covered 
        individuals in the State in fiscal year 1998, as estimated by 
        the Secretary, based on the survey conducted to carry out 
        section 2025(c) of this title for fiscal year 1996 and such 
        other factors as the Secretary considers appropriate due to the 
        timing and limitations of the survey.

        (D) Subsequent fiscal years

            Subject to subparagraphs (E) through (G), for fiscal year 
        1999 and each subsequent fiscal year, a State agency may provide 
        a number of exemptions such that the average monthly number of 
        the exemptions in effect during the fiscal year does not exceed 
        15 percent of the number of covered individuals in the State, as 
        estimated by the Secretary under subparagraph (C), adjusted by 
        the Secretary to reflect changes in the State's caseload and the 
        Secretary's estimate of changes in the proportion of food stamp 
        recipients covered by waivers granted under paragraph (4).

        (E) Caseload adjustments

            The Secretary shall adjust the number of individuals 
        estimated for a State under subparagraph (C) or (D) during a 
        fiscal year if the number of food stamp recipients in the State 
        varies from the State's caseload by more than 10 percent, as 
        determined by the Secretary.

        (F) Exemption adjustments

            During fiscal year 1999 and each subsequent fiscal year, the 
        Secretary shall increase or decrease the number of individuals 
        who may be granted an exemption by a State agency under this 
        paragraph to the extent that the average monthly number of 
        exemptions in effect in the State for the preceding fiscal year 
        under this paragraph is lesser or greater than the average 
        monthly number of exemptions estimated for the State agency for 
        such preceding fiscal year under this paragraph.

        (G) Reporting requirement

            A State agency shall submit such reports to the Secretary as 
        the Secretary determines are necessary to ensure compliance with 
        this paragraph.

                       (7) Other program rules

        Nothing in this subsection shall make an individual eligible for 
    benefits under this chapter if the individual is not otherwise 
    eligible for benefits under the other provisions of this chapter.

(Pub. L. 88-525, Sec. 6, Aug. 31, 1964, 78 Stat. 704; Pub. L. 94-339, 
Sec. 3, July 5, 1976, 90 Stat. 800; Pub. L. 95-113, title XIII, 
Sec. 1301, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 964; Pub. L. 96-58, Secs. 5, 9, Aug. 
14, 1979, 93 Stat. 391, 392; Pub. L. 96-249, title I, Secs. 109, 110, 
114, 115, 139, 140, May 26, 1980, 94 Stat. 359, 361, 370; Pub. L. 97-35, 
title I, Secs. 108(b), (c), 109, 112, Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 361, 362; 
Pub. L. 97-98, title XIII, Secs. 1310, 1311, Dec. 22, 1981, 95 Stat. 
1284, 1285; Pub. L. 97-253, title I, Secs. 145(e), 154-161, 189(b)(1), 
190(a), (b), Sept. 8, 1982, 96 Stat. 774, 777, 778, 787; Pub. L. 98-204, 
Secs. 5, 6, Dec. 2, 1983, 97 Stat. 1385, 1386; Pub. L. 99-198, title XV, 
Secs. 1513(b), 1516, 1517(a), Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1571-1573; Pub. L. 
100-435, title II, Sec. 202(b), (c), title IV, Sec. 404(a)-(d), Sept. 
19, 1988, 102 Stat. 1656, 1665-1667; Pub. L. 101-624, title XVII, 
Secs. 1723-1726(b)(1), (c), (d), 1727, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3786-
3788; Pub. L. 102-237, title IX, Secs. 907, 941(3), Dec. 13, 1991, 105 
Stat. 1885, 1892; Pub. L. 103-66, title XIII, Secs. 13922(b), 13942, 
Aug. 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 675, 677; Pub. L. 103-225, title I, 
Secs. 101(a), 104(b), Mar. 25, 1994, 108 Stat. 106, 107; Pub. L. 103-
296, title I, Sec. 108(f)(1), (2), Aug. 15, 1994, 108 Stat. 1486, 1487; 
Pub. L. 104-193, title I, Sec. 109(b), title VIII, Secs. 813-815(a), 
816, 817(a), 818, 819(a), (c), 820-824(a), Aug. 22, 1996, 110 Stat. 
2169, 2314, 2315, 2318, 2320-2323; Pub. L. 104-208, div. C, title III, 
Sec. 308(g)(7)(D)(i), Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009-624; Pub. L. 105-
33, title I, Sec. 1001, Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 251; Pub. L. 105-277, 
div. A, Sec. 101(f) [title VIII, Sec. 405(d)(2)(B), (f)(2)(B)], Oct. 21, 
1998, 112 Stat. 2681-337, 2681-418, 2681-429.)

                       References in Text

    The Social Security Act, referred to in subsecs. (c)(3), (5), 
(d)(1)(D)(iii)(II), (2), (4)(I)(i)(II), (K), (e)(6), (7), (g), (i)(2), 
(l)(1), (3), (m), and (n)(2)(B), is act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, 49 Stat. 
620, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 7 (Sec. 301 et 
seq.) of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare. Part D of title IV of 
the Act is classified generally to part D (Sec. 651 et seq.) of 
subchapter IV of chapter 7 of Title 42. Title IV-A of the Act (part A of 
title IV) is classified generally to part A (Sec. 601 et seq.) of 
subchapter IV of chapter 7 of Title 42. Titles IV and XVI of the Social 
Security Act are classified generally to subchapters IV (Sec. 601 et 
seq.) and XVI (Sec. 1381 et seq.), respectively, of chapter 7 of Title 
42. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 
1305 of Title 42 and Tables.
    The Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended, referred to in 
subsec. (d)(2), (4)(F)(i), is act June 25, 1938, ch. 676, 52 Stat. 1060, 
as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 8 (Sec. 201 et 
seq.) of Title 29, Labor. For complete classification of this Act to the 
Code, see section 201 of Title 29 and Tables.
    Section 2020(e)(22) of this title, referred to in subsec. (d)(4)(L), 
was redesignated section 2020(e)(21) of this title by Pub. L. 104-193, 
title VIII, Sec. 835(1)(D)(i), Aug. 22, 1996, 110 Stat. 2330.
    The Workforce Investment Act of 1998, referred to in subsecs. 
(d)(4)(M), (e)(3)(A), and (o)(1)(A), is Pub. L. 105-220, Aug. 7, 1998, 
112 Stat. 936, as amended. Title I of the Act is classified principally 
to chapter 30 (Sec. 2801 et seq.) of Title 29, Labor. For complete 
classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out 
under section 9201 of Title 20, Education, and Tables.
    Section 212(a) of Pub. L. 93-66, referred to in subsec. (g), is Pub. 
L. 93-66, title II, Sec. 212(a), July 9, 1973, 87 Stat. 155, which is 
set out as a note under section 1382 of Title 42, The Public Health and 
Welfare.


                               Amendments

    1998--Subsec. (d)(4)(M). Pub. L. 105-277, Sec. 101(f) [title VIII, 
Sec. 405(f)(2)(B)(i)], struck out ``the State public employment offices 
and agencies operating programs under the Job Training Partnership Act 
or of'' after ``The facilities of''.
    Pub. L. 105-277, Sec. 101(f) [title VIII, Sec. 405(d)(2)(B)(i)], 
substituted ``the State public employment offices and agencies operating 
programs under the Job Training Partnership Act or of the State public 
employment offices and other State agencies and providers carrying out 
activities under title I of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998'' for 
``the State public employment offices and agencies operating programs 
under the Job Training Partnership Act''.
    Subsec. (e)(3)(A). Pub. L. 105-277, Sec. 101(f) [title VIII, 
Sec. 405(f)(2)(B)(ii)], added subpar. (A) and struck out former subpar. 
(A) which read as follows: ``a program under the Job Training 
Partnership Act or title I of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998;''.
    Pub. L. 105-277, Sec. 101(f) [title VIII, Sec. 405(d)(2)(B)(ii)], 
added subpar. (A) and struck out former subpar. (A) which read as 
follows: ``a program under the Job Training Partnership Act (29 U.S.C. 
1501 et seq.);''.
    Subsec. (o)(1)(A). Pub. L. 105-277, Sec. 101(f) [title VIII, 
Sec. 405(f)(2)(B)(iii)], struck out ``Job Training Partnership Act or'' 
before ``title I''.
    Pub. L. 105-277, Sec. 101(f) [title VIII, Sec. 405(d)(2)(B)(iii)], 
substituted ``Job Training Partnership Act or title I of the Workforce 
Investment Act of 1998'' for ``Job Training Partnership Act (29 U.S.C. 
1501 et seq.)''
    1997--Subsec. (o)(2)(D). Pub. L. 105-33, Sec. 1001(1), substituted 
``(5), or (6)'' for ``or (5)''.
    Subsec. (o)(6), (7). Pub. L. 105-33, Sec. 1001(2), (3), added par. 
(6) and redesignated former par. (6) as (7).
    1996--Subsec. (b)(1)(i). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 813(1), substituted 
``1 year'' for ``six months''.
    Subsec. (b)(1)(ii). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 813(2), substituted ``2 
years'' for ``1 year''.
    Subsec. (b)(1)(iii)(IV). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 814, added subcl. 
(IV).
    Subsec. (c)(5). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 109(b)(1), substituted ``the 
State program funded'' for ``the State plan approved''.
    Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 815(a), inserted subsec. heading.
    Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 815(a), added par. (1) and 
struck out former par. (1) which related to ineligibility in case of 
refusal of person or head of household to register for or accept 
employment.
    Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 104-193, Secs. 816, 819(c), struck out 
``that is comparable to a requirement of paragraph (1)'' after ``person 
is subject'' in cl. (A) and inserted at end ``A State that requested a 
waiver to lower the age specified in subparagraph (B) and had the waiver 
denied by the Secretary as of August 1, 1996, may, for a period of not 
more than 3 years, lower the age of a dependent child that qualifies a 
parent or other member of a household for an exemption under 
subparagraph (B) to between 1 and 6 years of age.''
    Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 817(a)(1), inserted par. 
heading.
    Subsec. (d)(4)(A). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 817(a)(1), (2), inserted 
subpar. heading, designated existing provisions as cl. (i), inserted 
heading, substituted ``Each State'' for ``Not later than April 1, 1987, 
each State'', inserted ``work,'' after ``skills, training,'', and added 
cl. (ii).
    Subsec. (d)(4)(B). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 817(a)(3), in introductory 
provisions, inserted before colon ``, except that the State agency shall 
retain the option to apply employment requirements prescribed under this 
subparagraph to a program applicant at the time of application'', in cl. 
(i), struck out ``with terms and conditions comparable to those 
prescribed in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of section 402(a)(35) of part A 
of title IV of the Social Security Act, except that the State agency 
shall retain the option to apply employment requirements prescribed 
under this clause to program applicants at the time of application'' 
after ``search programs'', and in cl. (iv), redesignated subcls. (III) 
and (IV) as (I) and (II), respectively, and struck out former subcls. 
(I) and (II) which read as follows:
    ``(I) limit employment experience assignments to projects that serve 
a useful public purpose in fields such as health, social services, 
environmental protection, urban and rural development and redevelopment, 
welfare, recreation, public facilities, public safety, and day care;
    ``(II) to the extent possible, use the prior training, experience, 
and skills of the participating member in making appropriate employment 
or training experience assignments;''.
    Subsec. (d)(4)(D). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 817(a)(4), in cl. (i), 
struck out ``to which the application of such participation requirement 
is impracticable as applied to such categories due to factors such as 
the availability of work opportunities and the cost-effectiveness of the 
employment requirements. In making such a determination, the State 
agency may designate a category consisting of all such household members 
residing in a specific area of the State. Each State may exempt, with 
the approval of the Secretary, members of households that have 
participated in the food stamp program 30 days or less'' after 
``household members'', in cl. (ii), struck out ``but with respect to 
whom such participation is impracticable because of personal 
circumstances such as lack of job readiness and employability, the 
remote location of work opportunities, and unavailability of child 
care'' after ``clause (i)'', and in cl. (iii), substituted ``the 
exemption continues to be valid'' for ``, on the basis of the factors 
used to make a determination under clause (i) or (ii), the exemption 
continues to be valid. Such evaluations shall occur no less often than 
at each certification or recertification in the case of exemptions under 
clause (ii)''.
    Subsec. (d)(4)(E). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 817(a)(5), struck out at 
end ``Through September 30, 1995, two States may, on application to and 
after approval by the Secretary, give priority in the provision of 
services to voluntary participants (including both exempt and non-exempt 
participants), except that this sentence shall not excuse a State from 
compliance with the performance standards issued under subparagraphs (K) 
and (L), and the Secretary may, at the Secretary's discretion, approve 
additional States' requests to give such priority if the Secretary 
reports to Congress on the number and characteristics of voluntary 
participants given priority under this sentence and such other 
information as the Secretary determines to be appropriate.''
    Subsec. (d)(4)(G). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 817(a)(6), struck out 
``(i)'' after ``(G)'' and struck out cl. (ii) which read as follows: 
``The State agency shall permit, to the extent it determines 
practicable, individuals not subject to requirements imposed under 
subparagraph (E) or who have complied, or are in the process of 
complying, with such requirements to participate in any program under 
this paragraph.''
    Subsec. (d)(4)(H). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 817(a)(7), struck out 
``(ii)'' before ``Federal funds'' and struck out cl. (i) which read as 
follows: ``The Secretary shall issue regulations under which each State 
agency shall establish a conciliation procedure for the resolution of 
disputes involving the participation of an individual in the program.''
    Subsec. (d)(4)(I)(i)(II). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 817(a)(8), 
substituted ``), except that no such payment or reimbursement shall 
exceed the applicable local market rate'' for ``, or was in operation, 
on September 19, 1988) up to any limit set by the State agency (which 
limit shall not be less than the limit for the dependent care deduction 
under section 2014(e) of this title), but in no event shall such payment 
or reimbursements exceed the applicable local market rate as determined 
by procedures consistent with any such determination under the Social 
Security Act''.
    Subsec. (d)(4)(K). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 817(a)(9)(A), added subpar. 
(K) and struck out former subpar. (K) which authorized establishment of 
performance standards for each State that, in case of persons who were 
subject to employment requirements under this section and who were not 
exempt under subpar. (D), designated minimum percentages (not to exceed 
10 percent in fiscal years 1992 and 1993, and 15 percent in fiscal years 
1994 and 1995) of such persons that State agencies were to place in 
employment and training programs.
    Subsec. (d)(4)(L). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 817(a)(10), struck out 
``(i)'' before ``The Secretary'' and struck out cl. (ii) which read as 
follows: ``If the Secretary determines that a State agency has failed, 
without good cause, to comply with such a requirement, including any 
failure to meet a performance standard under subparagraph (J), the 
Secretary may withhold from such State, in accordance with section 
2025(a), (c), and (h) of this title, such funds as the Secretary 
determines to be appropriate, subject to administrative and judicial 
review under section 2023 of this title.''
    Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 817(a)(9), redesignated subpar. (M) as (L) and 
struck out former subpar. (L) which authorized Secretary to establish 
performance standards and measures applicable to employment and training 
programs that were based on employment outcomes, including increases in 
earnings.
    Subsec. (d)(4)(M), (N). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 817(a)(9)(B), 
redesignated subpars. (M) and (N) as (L) and (M), respectively.
    Subsec. (e)(6). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 109(b)(2), substituted 
``benefits under a State program funded'' for ``aid to families with 
dependent children''.
    Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 818, in last sentence, inserted 
``, at State option,'' after ``(less''.
    Subsec. (f)(2)(F). Pub. L. 104-208 substituted ``1231(b)(3)'' for 
``1253(h)''.
    Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 819(a), added subsec. (i).
    Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 820, added subsec. (j).
    Subsec. (k). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 821, added subsec. (k).
    Subsecs. (l), (m). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 822, added subsecs. (l) and 
(m).
    Subsec. (n). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 823, added subsec. (n).
    Subsec. (o). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 824(a), added subsec. (o).
    1994--Subsec. (c)(1)(A)(ii) to (iv). Pub. L. 103-225, 
Sec. 101(a)(1), redesignated cls. (iii) and (iv) as (ii) and (iii), 
respectively, and struck out former cl. (ii) which read ``households 
residing on a reservation;''.
    Subsec. (c)(1)(C). Pub. L. 103-225, Sec. 101(a)(2), added subpar. 
(C).
    Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 103-296, Sec. 108(f)(1), inserted ``the 
Commissioner of Social Security and'' before ``the Secretary of Health 
and Human Services''.
    Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 103-225, Sec. 104(b), substituted ``Except 
as provided in paragraph (1)(C), any'' for ``Any''.
    Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 103-296, Sec. 108(f)(2), substituted 
``Commissioner of Social Security'' for ``Secretary of Health and Human 
Services''.
    1993--Subsec. (b)(1)(ii), (iii). Pub. L. 103-66, Sec. 13942, added 
cls. (ii) and (iii) and struck out former cls. (ii) and (iii) which read 
as follows:
    ``(ii) for a period of one year upon the second occasion of any such 
determination; and
    ``(iii) permanently upon the third occasion of any such 
determination.''
    Subsec. (d)(4)(I)(i)(II). Pub. L. 103-66, Sec. 13922(b), amended 
subcl. (II) generally. Prior to amendment, subcl. (II) read as follows: 
``the actual costs of such dependent care expenses that are determined 
by the State agency to be necessary for the participation of an 
individual in the program (other than an individual who is the caretaker 
relative of a dependent in a family receiving benefits under part A of 
title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) in a local 
area where an employment, training, or education program under title IV 
of such Act is in operation or was in operation, on September 19, 1988), 
but in no event shall such payment or reimbursements exceed $160 per 
dependent per month. Individuals subject to the program under this 
paragraph may not be required to participate if dependent care costs 
exceed $160 per dependent per month.''
    1991--Subsec. (c)(1)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 102-237, Sec. 941(3)(A), 
realigned margin.
    Subsec. (d)(1)(A). Pub. L. 102-237, Sec. 941(3)(B), substituted 
``who is a physically'' for ``who is physically'', ``Secretary; (ii) 
refuses'' for ``Secretary; (ii) refuses'' requiring no change in text, 
and ``two months; or (iii) refuses'' for ``two months; (iii) refuses''.
    Subsec. (d)(4)(B)(vii). Pub. L. 102-237, Sec. 941(3)(C), substituted 
``Secretary,'' for ``Secretary,,'' and ``aimed at'' for ``aimed an''.
    Subsec. (d)(4)(D)(iii). Pub. L. 102-237, Sec. 941(3)(D), substituted 
``clause (i) or (ii)'' for ``clauses (i) or (ii)''.
    Subsec. (d)(4)(I)(i)(II). Pub. L. 102-237, Sec. 941(3)(E), 
substituted ``601 et seq.)'' for ``601 et seq.))'' and ``), but in'' for 
``, but in''.
    Subsec. (d)(4)(K)(i). Pub. L. 102-237, Sec. 907(b), substituted ``10 
percent in fiscal years 1992 and 1993, and 15 percent in fiscal years 
1994 and 1995'' for ``50 percent through September 30, 1989'' and 
inserted at end ``The Secretary shall not require the plan of a State 
agency to provide for the participation of a number of recipients 
greater than 10 percent in fiscal years 1992 and 1993, and 15 percent in 
fiscal years 1994 and 1995, of the persons who are subject to employment 
requirements under this section and who are not exempt under 
subparagraph (D).''
    Subsec. (d)(4)(L). Pub. L. 102-237, Sec. 907(a), amended subpar. (L) 
generally, substituting present provisions for provisions requiring 
establishment of performance standards by the Secretary, after 
consultation with the Office of Technology Assessment, Secretary of 
Labor, Secretary of Health and Human Services, and appropriate 
designated State officials, which standards were to be coordinated with 
the corresponding standards under the Job Training Partnership Act and 
the performance standards under title IV of the Social Security Act, 
which were to permit variations to take into account differing 
conditions in different States, and which were to be published and 
implemented not later than Oct. 1, 1991, and directing the Office of 
Technology Assessment, not later than 180 days after the Secretary 
publishes proposed measures for performance standards, to develop model 
performance standards, compare these standards with the Secretary, and 
report the result of such comparison to the Speaker of the House of 
Representatives, President pro tempore of the Senate, and Secretary of 
Agriculture.
    1990--Subsec. (c)(1)(A)(ii) to (iv). Pub. L. 101-624, Sec. 1723, 
added cl. (ii) and redesignated former cls. (ii) and (iii) as (iii) and 
(iv), respectively.
    Subsec. (c)(2)(C). Pub. L. 101-624, Sec. 1724(1), substituted 
``State agency designed forms'' for ``forms approved by the Secretary''.
    Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 101-624, Sec. 1724(2), substituted ``they 
contain the information relevant to eligibility and benefit 
determinations that is specified by the State agency'' for ``, in 
accordance with standards prescribed by the Secretary, they contain 
sufficient information to enable the State agency to determine household 
eligibility and allotment levels''.
    Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 101-624, Sec. 1725, inserted after first 
sentence ``The State agency shall allow the household to select an adult 
parent of children in the household as its head where all adult 
household members making application agree to the selection. The 
household may designate its head of household under this paragraph each 
time the household is certified for participation in the food stamp 
program, but may not change the designation during a certification 
period unless there is a change in the composition of the household.''
    Subsec. (d)(4)(B)(v). Pub. L. 101-624, Sec. 1726(a), inserted ``and 
literacy,'' after ``basic skills''.
    Subsec. (d)(4)(B)(vi), (vii). Pub. L. 101-624, Sec. 1726(b)(1), 
added cl. (vi) and redesignated former cl. (vi) as (vii).
    Subsec. (d)(4)(E). Pub. L. 101-624, Sec. 1726(c), inserted at end 
``Through September 30, 1995, two States may, on application to and 
after approval by the Secretary, give priority in the provision of 
services to voluntary participants (including both exempt and non-exempt 
participants), except that this sentence shall not excuse a State from 
compliance with the performance standards issued under subparagraphs (K) 
and (L), and the Secretary may, at the Secretary's discretion, approve 
additional States' requests to give such priority if the Secretary 
reports to Congress on the number and characteristics of voluntary 
participants given priority under this sentence and such other 
information as the Secretary determines to be appropriate.''
    Subsec. (d)(4)(L)(iii). Pub. L. 101-624, Sec. 1726(d), substituted 
``October'' for ``April''.
    Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 101-624, Sec. 1727, amended subsec. (e) 
generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (e) read as follows: ``No 
individual who is a member of a household otherwise eligible to 
participate in the food stamp program under this section shall be 
eligible to participate in the food stamp program as a member of that or 
any other household if he or she (1) is physically and mentally fit and 
is between the ages of eighteen and sixty, (2) is enrolled at least half 
time in an institution of higher education, or is an individual who is 
not assigned to or placed in an institution of higher learning through a 
program under the Job Training Partnership Act, and (3)(A) is not 
employed a minimum of twenty hours per week or does not participate in a 
federally financed work study program during the regular school year; 
(B) is not a parent with responsibility for the care of a dependent 
child under age six; (C) is not a parent with responsibility for the 
care of a dependent child above the age of five and under the age of 
twelve for whom adequate child care is not available; (D) is not 
receiving aid to families with dependent children under part A of title 
IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.); or (E) is not so 
enrolled as a result of participation in the work incentive program 
under title IV of the Social Security Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. 602).''
    1988--Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 100-435, Sec. 202(b), substituted 
subpars. (A) and (B) for undesignated provisions requiring households 
with household income determined on retrospective basis to file periodic 
reports with system of less frequent reporting for certain categories of 
households.
    Subsec. (c)(2). Pub. L. 100-435, Sec. 202(c), added cl. (E).
    Subsec. (d)(4)(B)(i). Pub. L. 100-435, Sec. 404(a)(1), struck out 
``have no obligation to incur costs exceeding $25 per participant per 
month, as provided in subparagraph (B)(vi), and the State agency shall'' 
before ``retain the option''.
    Subsec. (d)(4)(B)(v). Pub. L. 100-435, Sec. 404(a)(3), (4), added 
cl. (v). Former cl. (v) redesignated (vi).
    Subsec. (d)(4)(B)(vi). Pub. L. 100-435, Sec. 404(a)(2), (3), 
redesignated former cl. (v) as (vi) and inserted ``or the State under 
regulations issued by the Secretary,'' after ``the Secretary'' and 
``employment, educational and training'' after ``other''.
    Subsec. (d)(4)(H). Pub. L. 100-435, Sec. 404(b), added subpar. (H). 
Former subpar. (H) redesignated (I).
    Subsec. (d)(4)(I). Pub. L. 100-435, Sec. 404(b)(1), (c), 
redesignated subpar. (H) as (I) and amended subpar. generally. Prior to 
amendment, subpar. (I) read as follows: ``The State agency shall 
reimburse participants in programs carried out under this paragraph, 
including those participating under subparagraph (G), for the actual 
costs of transportation, and other actual costs, that are reasonably 
necessary and directly related to participation in the program, except 
that the State agency may limit such reimbursement to each participant 
to $25 per month.'' Former subpar. (I) redesignated (J).
    Subsec. (d)(4)(J), (K). Pub. L. 100-435, Sec. 404(b)(1), 
redesignated subpars. (I) and (J) as (J) and (K), respectively. Former 
subpar. (K) redesignated (M).
    Subsec. (d)(4)(L). Pub. L. 100-435, Sec. 404(b)(1), (d), added 
subpar. (L) and redesignated former subpar. (L) as (N).
    Subsec. (d)(4)(M), (N). Pub. L. 100-435, Sec. 404(b)(1), 
redesignated former subpars. (K) and (L) as (M) and (N), respectively.
    1985--Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 99-198, Sec. 1513(b)(1), amended first 
sentence generally. Prior to amendment, first sentence read as follows: 
``State agencies shall require certain categories of households, 
including all households with earned income, except migrant farmworker 
households, all households with potential earners, including individuals 
receiving unemployment compensation benefits and individuals required by 
subsection (d) of this section to register for work, and all households 
required to file a similar report under title IV-A of the Social 
Security Act, but not including households that have no earned income 
and in which all adult members are elderly or disabled members, to file 
periodic reports of household circumstances in accordance with standards 
prescribed by the Secretary, except that a State agency may, with the 
prior approval of the Secretary, select categories of households which 
may report at specified less frequent intervals upon a showing by the 
State agency, which is satisfactory to the Secretary, that to require 
households in such categories to report monthly would result in 
unwarranted expenditures for administration of this subsection.''
    Pub. L. 99-198, Sec. 1513(b)(2), inserted after second sentence, 
provision empowering State agencies to require households, other than 
households with respect to which household income is required by section 
2014(f)(2)(A) of this title to be calculated on a prospective basis, to 
file periodic reports of household circumstances in accordance with the 
standards prescribed by the Secretary under the preceding provisions of 
this paragraph.
    Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 99-198, Sec. 1516(2), inserted sentences at 
end of par. (1) directing that any period of ineligibility for 
violations under this paragraph shall end when the household member who 
committed the violation complies with the requirement that has been 
violated, and that if the household member who committed the violation 
leaves the household during the period of ineligibility, such household 
shall no longer be subject to sanction for such violation and, if it is 
otherwise eligible, may resume participation in the food stamp program, 
but any other household of which such person thereafter becomes the head 
of the household shall be ineligible for the balance of the period of 
ineligibility.
    Subsec. (d)(1)(A). Pub. L. 99-198, Sec. 1516(1)(A), (B), designated 
existing provisions of first sentence of par. (1) as cl. (A) and in 
provisions of cl. (A) as so designated substituted ``no person shall be 
eligible to participate in the food stamp program who is a physically 
and mentally fit person between the ages of sixteen and sixty'' for ``no 
household shall be eligible for assistance under this chapter if it 
includes a physically and mentally fit person between the ages of 
eighteen and sixty'' in provisions preceding subcl. (i).
    Subsec. (d)(1)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 99-198, Sec. 1517(a)(1), substituted 
``refuses without good cause to participate in an employment and 
training program under paragraph (4), to the extent required under 
paragraph (4), including any reasonable employment requirements as are 
prescribed by the State agency in accordance with paragraph (4), and the 
period of ineligibility shall be two months'' for ``refuses to fulfill 
whatever reasonable reporting and inquiry about employment requirements 
as are prescribed by the Secretary, which may include a requirement 
that, at the option of the State agency, such reporting and inquiry 
commence at the time of application''.
    Subsec. (d)(1)(A)(iii), (iv). Pub. L. 99-198, Sec. 1516(1)(C), 
redesignated cl. (iv) as (iii). Former cl. (iii), relating to a head of 
household who voluntarily quits any job without good cause, with a 
proviso that the period of ineligibility would be ninety days, was 
struck out.
    Subsec. (d)(1)(B). Pub. L. 99-198, Sec. 1516(1)(D), added cl. (B).
    Subsec. (d)(2)(F). Pub. L. 99-198, Sec. 1516(3), added cl. (F).
    Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 99-198, Sec. 1517(a)(2), added par. (4).
    Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 99-198, Sec. 1516(4), inserted ``or is an 
individual who is not assigned to or placed in an institution of higher 
learning through a program under the Job Training Partnership Act,''.
    Subsec. (f)(2)(D). Pub. L. 99-198, Sec. 1516(5)(A), (B), substituted 
``sections 1157 and 1158 of title 8'' for ``section 1153(a)(7) of title 
8 because of persecution or fear of persecution on account of race, 
religion, or political opinion or because of being uprooted by 
catastrophic natural calamity''.
    Subsec. (f)(2)(F). Pub. L. 99-198, Sec. 1516(5)(C), struck out 
``because of the judgment of the Attorney General that the alien would 
otherwise be subject to persecution on account of race, religion, or 
political opinion'' after ``section 1253(h) of title 8''.
    1983--Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 98-204, Sec. 5, inserted sentence 
authorizing the Secretary to permit State agencies to accept, as 
satisfying the requirement that households report at such specified less 
frequent intervals, (i) recertifications conducted in accordance with 
section 2020(e)(4) of this title, (ii) in-person interviews conducted 
during a certification period, (iii) written reports filed by 
households, or (iv) such other documentation or actions as the Secretary 
may prescribe.
    Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 98-204, Sec. 6, substituted ``Reports 
required to be filed monthly under paragraph (1) shall be the sole 
reporting requirement for subject matter included in such reports'' for 
``The reporting requirements contained in paragraph (1) of this 
subsection shall be the sole such requirements for reporting changes in 
circumstances for participating households''.
    1982--Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 97-253, Secs. 145(e), 154, 155, in 
first sentence substituted ``in which all adult members are elderly or 
disabled members'' for ``in which all members are sixty years of age or 
over or receive supplemental security income benefits under title XVI of 
the Social Security Act or disability and blindness payments under title 
I, II, X, XIV, and XVI of the Social Security Act'' and inserted 
provision that a State agency may, with the prior approval of the 
Secretary, select categories of households which may report at specified 
less frequent intervals upon a showing by the State agency, which is 
satisfactory to the Secretary, that to require households in such 
categories to report monthly would result in unwarranted expenditures 
for administration of this subsection, and, in last sentence, struck out 
``, on a form designed or approved by the Secretary,'' after ``to the 
State agency''.
    Subsec. (c)(5). Pub. L. 97-253, Sec. 156, added par. (5).
    Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 97-253, Secs. 157, 158, inserted ``, which 
may include a requirement that, at the option of the State agency, such 
reporting and inquiry commence at the time of application'' after 
``Secretary'' in cl. (ii), substituted ``ninety days'' for ``sixty days 
from the time of the voluntary quit'' in cl. (iii), and inserted 
provision that an employee of the Federal Government, or of a State or 
political subdivision of a State, who engaged in a strike against the 
Federal Government, a State or political subdivision of a State and is 
dismissed from his job because of his participation in the strike shall 
be considered to have voluntarily quit such job without good cause.
    Subsec. (d)(2)(C). Pub. L. 97-253, Secs. 159, 190(a), redesignated 
subpar. (D) as (C), and struck out former subpar. (C) which provided 
that a person who would otherwise be required to comply with the 
requirements of par. (1) was exempt if he or she was a parent or other 
caretaker of a child in a household where there was another able-bodied 
parent subject to the requirements of this subsection.
    Subsec. (d)(2)(D) to (F). Pub. L. 97-253, Sec. 190(a), redesignated 
subpars. (D) to (F) as (C) to (E), respectively. Former subpar. (D) 
redesignated (C).
    Subsec. (d)(3), (4). Pub. L. 97-253, Secs. 160, 190(b), redesignated 
par. (4) as (3), and struck out former par. (3) which provided that to 
the extent that a State employment service was assigned responsibility 
for administering the provisions of this subsection, it had to comply 
with regulations issued jointly by the Secretary and the Secretary of 
Labor, which regulations had to be patterned to the maximum extent 
practicable on the work incentive program requirements set forth in 
title IV of the Social Security Act and had to take into account the 
diversity of the needs of the food stamp work registration population.
    Subsec. (e)(3)(B). Pub. L. 97-253, Sec. 161, substituted ``; (B) is 
not a parent with responsibility for the care of a dependent child under 
age six;'' for ``or (B) is not the head of a household (or spouse of 
such head) containing one or more other persons who are dependents of 
that individual because he or she supplies more than half of their 
support, or''.
    Subsec. (e)(3)(C) to (E). Pub. L. 97-253, Sec. 161, added subpars. 
(C) and (D) and redesignated former subpar. (C) as (E).
    Subsec. (g)(2). Pub. L. 97-253, Sec. 189(b)(1), substituted 
reference to the Secretary of Health and Human Services for former 
reference to the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare.
    1981--Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 97-35, Sec. 112, substituted provisions 
setting forth disqualification penalties for fraud and 
misrepresentation, ineligibility period for benefits, and applicable 
procedures, for provisions relating to prior fraudulent use of coupons 
or authorization cards, ineligibility period for benefits, and repayment 
for fraudulent conduct.
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 97-35, Sec. 108(b), in par. (1) inserted 
provisions enumerating categories of households subject to requirements, 
and substituted ``(f)'' for ``(f)(2)'', and added par. (4).
    Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 97-35, Sec. 108(c), struck out provisions 
respecting election of retrospective accounting system, and filing of 
periodic reports by household categories.
    Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 97-98, Secs. 1310, 1311(1), (2), substituted 
in cl. (i) ``twelve'' for ``six'', struck out in cl. (iii) ``, unless 
the household was certified for benefits under this chapter immediately 
prior to such unemployment'' after ``without good cause'', and inserted 
in cl. (iv) ``(including the lack of adequate child care for children 
above the age of five and under the age of twelve)'' after ``good 
cause''.
    Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 97-98, Sec. 1311(3), (4), inserted in cl. 
(A) ``, in which case, failure by such person to comply with any work 
requirement to which such person is subject that is comparable to a 
requirement of paragraph (1) shall be the same as failure to comply with 
that requirement of paragraph (1)'' after ``compensation system'' and 
substituted in cl. (B) ``six'' for ``twelve''.
    Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 97-35, Sec. 109(a), inserted provisions 
relating to an increase in allotments as a result of a decrease in 
income of striking members of a household, and struck out proviso 
relating to income qualifications, etc., of subsec. (i).
    Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 97-35, Sec. 109(c), struck out subsec. (i) 
which related to eligibility of a household containing a person involved 
in a labor-management dispute.
    1980--Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96-249, Sec. 109, inserted provisions 
permitting each State to decide to proceed against alleged fraud in the 
program either by way of administrative fraud hearings or by way of 
reference to appropriate legal authorities for civil or criminal action, 
or both.
    Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 96-249, Sec. 110, inserted provisions 
compelling States electing to use a retrospective accounting system to 
require that certain categories of households file periodic reports of 
household circumstances following standards prescribed by the Secretary.
    Subsec. (d)(2)(D). Pub. L. 96-249, Sec. 140, substituted ``enrolled 
in an institution of higher education shall be ineligible to participate 
in the food stamp program unless he or she meets the requirements of 
subsection (e) of this section)'' for ``shall be subject to the 
requirements of paragraph (1) of this subsection during any period of 
more than thirty days when such school or program is in vacation or 
recess and any such person enrolled in an institution of higher 
education shall be subject to the requirements of subsection (e)(3)(B) 
of this section as well)''.
    Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 96-249, Sec. 114, added par. (4).
    Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 96-249, Sec. 139, substituted requirement that 
he or she is physically and mentally fit and is between the ages of 
eighteen and sixty for requirement that he or she has reached his or her 
eighteenth birthday, inserted requirement that he or she is not so 
enrolled as a result of participation in the work incentive program 
under title IV of the Social Security Act, and struck out requirement 
that he or she is properly claimed or could properly be claimed as a 
dependent child for Federal income tax purposes.
    Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 96-249, Sec. 115, inserted provisions requiring 
that the income (less a pro rata share) and financial resources of the 
individual rendered ineligible to participate in the food stamp program 
under this subsection be considered in determining the eligibility and 
the value of the allotment of the household of which such individual is 
a member.
    1979--Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 96-58, Sec. 5, provided that, after any 
specified period of disqualification pursuant to findings under clauses 
(1) or (2) of this subsection, no disqualified individual would be 
eligible to participate in the food stamp program unless that individual 
agreed to a reduction in the allotment of the household of which that 
individual is a member or to repayment in cash, in accordance with a 
reasonable schedule as determined by the Secretary that would be 
sufficient over time to reimburse the Federal Government for the value 
of the coupons obtained through the fraudulent conduct, and that if any 
disqualified individual elected repayment in cash under the provisions 
of the preceding sentence and failed to make payments in accordance with 
the schedule determined by the Secretary, the household of which that 
individual was a member would be subject to appropriate allotment 
reductions.
    Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 96-58, Sec. 9, added subsec. (i).
    1977--Pub. L. 95-113 substituted revised provisions covering 
eligibility disqualifications for provisions relating to the issuance, 
usage, and design of coupons which are now covered by section 2016 of 
this title.
    1976--Subsecs. (b) to (e). Pub. L. 94-339 added subsecs. (b) and (c) 
and redesignated former subsecs. (b) and (c) as (d) and (e), 
respectively.


                    Effective Date of 1998 Amendment

    Amendment by section 101(f) [title VIII, Sec. 405(d)(2)(B)] of Pub. 
L. 105-277 effective Oct. 21, 1998, and amendment by section 101(f) 
[title VIII, Sec. 405(f)(2)(B)] of Pub. L. 105-277 effective July 1, 
2000, see section 101(f) [title VIII, Sec. 405(g)(1), (2)(B)] of Pub. L. 
105-277, set out as a note under section 3502 of Title 5, Government 
Organization and Employees.


                    Effective Date of 1997 Amendment

    Section 1005(b) of Pub. L. 105-33 provided that: ``The amendments 
made by sections 1001 and 1002 [amending this section and section 2025 
of this title] take effect on October 1, 1997, without regard to whether 
regulations have been promulgated to implement the amendments made by 
such sections.''


                    Effective Date of 1996 Amendments

    Amendment by Pub. L. 104-208 effective, with certain transitional 
provisions, on the first day of the first month beginning more than 180 
days after Sept. 30, 1996, see section 309 of Pub. L. 104-208, set out 
as a note under section 1101 of Title 8, Aliens and Nationality.
    Amendment by section 109(b) of Pub. L. 104-193 effective July 1, 
1997, with transition rules relating to State options to accelerate such 
date, rules relating to claims, actions, and proceedings commenced 
before such date, rules relating to closing out of accounts for 
terminated or substantially modified programs and continuance in office 
of Assistant Secretary for Family Support, and provisions relating to 
termination of entitlement under AFDC program, see section 116 of Pub. 
L. 104-193, as amended, set out as an Effective Date note under section 
601 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.


                    Effective Date of 1994 Amendment

    Amendment by Pub. L. 103-296 effective Mar. 31, 1995, see section 
110(a) of Pub. L. 103-296, set out as a note under section 401 of Title 
42, The Public Health and Welfare.


                    Effective Date of 1993 Amendment

    Amendment by Pub. L. 103-66 effective, and to be implemented 
beginning on, Sept. 1, 1994, see section 13971(b)(4) of Pub. L. 103-66, 
set out as a note under section 2025 of this title.


                    Effective Date of 1991 Amendment

    Amendment by section 908 [probably should be 907] of Pub. L. 102-237 
effective Sept. 30, 1991, and amendment by section 941(3) of Pub. L. 
102-237 effective and to be implemented no later than Feb. 1, 1992, see 
section 1101(d)(1), (3) of Pub. L. 102-237, set out as a note under 
section 1421 of this title.


                    Effective Date of 1990 Amendment

    Amendment by Pub. L. 101-624 effective and implemented first day of 
month beginning 120 days after publication of implementing regulations 
to be promulgated not later than Oct. 1, 1991, see section 1781(a) of 
Pub. L. 101-624, set out as a note under section 2012 of this title.


                    Effective Date of 1988 Amendment

    Amendment by sections 202(b), (c) and 404(a)(2)-(4), (b), (d) of 
Pub. L. 100-435 to be effective and implemented on Oct. 1, 1988, and 
amendment by section 404(a)(1), (c) of Pub. L. 100-435 to be effective 
and implemented on July 1, 1989, except that amendment by section 404 of 
Pub. L. 100-435 to become effective and implemented on Oct. 1, 1989, if 
final order is issued under section 902(b) of Title 2, The Congress, for 
fiscal year 1989 making reductions and sequestrations specified in the 
report required under section 901(a)(3)(A) of Title 2, see section 
701(a), (b)(4), (c)(2) of Pub. L. 100-435, set out as a note under 
section 2012 of this title.


                    Effective Date of 1982 Amendment

    Amendment by Pub. L. 97-253 effective Sept. 8, 1982, see section 
193(a) of Pub. L. 97-253, set out as a note under section 2012 of this 
title.


                    Effective Date of 1981 Amendments

    Amendment by Pub. L. 97-35, except section 108(c) of Pub. L. 97-35 
(which amended this section), effective on earlier of Sept. 8, 1982, or 
date such amendment became effective pursuant to section 117 of Pub. L. 
97-35, set out as a note under section 2012 of this title, see section 
192(a) of Pub. L. 97-253, set out as a note under section 2012 of this 
title.
    Amendment by Pub. L. 97-98 effective on earlier of Sept. 8, 1982, or 
date such amendment became effective pursuant to section 1338 of Pub. L. 
97-98, set out as a note under section 2012 of this title. See section 
192(b) of Pub. L. 97-253, set out as a note under section 2012 of this 
title.
    Amendment by Pub. L. 97-98 effective upon such date as Secretary of 
Agriculture may prescribe, taking into account need for orderly 
implementation, see section 1338 of Pub. L. 97-98, set out as a note 
under section 2012 of this title.
    Amendments by Pub. L. 97-35, except for amendment made by section 
108(c) of Pub. L. 97-35, effective and implemented upon such dates as 
Secretary of Agriculture may prescribe, taking into account need for 
orderly implementation, see section 117 of Pub. L. 97-35, set out as a 
note under section 2012 of this title.
    Section 108(c) of Pub. L. 97-35 provided that the amendment made by 
that section is effective Oct. 1, 1983.


                    Effective Date of 1979 Amendment

    Secretary of Agriculture to issue final regulations implementing the 
amendment of subsec. (b) of this section by Pub. L. 96-58 within 150 
days after Aug. 14, 1979, see section 10(b) of Pub. L. 96-58, set out as 
a note under section 2012 of this title.


                    Effective Date of 1977 Amendment

    Section 1301 of Pub. L. 95-113 provided that the amendment made by 
that section is effective Oct. 1, 1977.


                               Regulations

    Section 1005(a) of title I of Pub. L. 105-33 provided that: ``Not 
later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act [Aug. 5, 
1997], the Secretary of Agriculture shall promulgate such regulations as 
are necessary to implement the amendments made by this title [amending 
this section and sections 2020 and 2025 of this title].''


                Transition Provision for Work Requirement

    Section 824(b) of Pub. L. 104-193 provided that: ``The term 
`preceding 36-month period' in section 6(o) of the Food Stamp Act of 
1977 [7 U.S.C. 2015(o)], as added by subsection (a), does not include, 
with respect to a State, any period before the earlier of--
        ``(1) the date the State notifies recipients of food stamp 
    benefits of the application of section 6(o); or
        ``(2) the date that is 3 months after the date of enactment of 
    this Act [Aug. 22, 1996].''


  Exemption From Monthly Reporting Systems for Households Residing on 
                           Indian Reservations

    Section 908(a)(2) of Pub. L. 102-237, as amended by Pub. L. 103-11, 
Sec. 1, Apr. 1, 1993, 107 Stat. 41; Pub. L. 103-205, Sec. 1, Dec. 17, 
1993, 107 Stat. 2418, provided that no State agency be required to 
exempt households residing on Indian reservations from food stamp 
program monthly reporting systems until Mar. 15, 1994, and directed 
Secretary of Agriculture to issue final regulations requiring exemption 
of households residing on Indian reservations from food stamp program 
monthly reporting systems no later than Dec. 1, 1992, prior to repeal by 
Pub. L. 103-225, title I, Sec. 104(a), Mar. 25, 1994, 108 Stat. 107.


   Mandatory Monthly Reporting-Retrospective Budgeting for Food Stamp 
                          Program; Prohibition

    Pub. L. 98-107, Sec. 101(b), Oct. 1, 1983, 97 Stat. 735, provided in 
part: ``That notwithstanding any other provision of this joint 
resolution, no part of any of the funds appropriated or otherwise made 
available by this or any other Act may be used to implement mandatory 
monthly reporting-retrospective budgeting for the food stamp program 
during the first three months of the fiscal year ending September 30, 
1984''.

                  Section Referred to in Other Sections

    This section is referred to in sections 2014, 2016, 2020, 2022, 
2024, 2025, 2026, 2029, 2030, 2031 of this title; title 20 section 9271; 
title 26 section 51; title 29 sections 2822, 2841; title 42 section 654.
