---
title: "SUVs and pedestrian/cycle safety"
subtitle: "`r emojifont::emoji(c('walking', 'bike', 'car', 'truck'))`<br/>empowering planners with data"
author: "Robin Lovelace"
institute: "University of Leeds"
date: "2019-12-05 (updated: `r Sys.Date()`)"
output:
  xaringan::moon_reader:
    css: [default, robot, robot-fonts]
    lib_dir: libs
    nature: 
      beforeInit: "https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js"
      highlightStyle: github
      highlightLines: true
      countIncrementalSlides: false
---

background-image: url(https://www.jato.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/Chart-4-1024x401.jpg)

--

```{r, eval=FALSE, echo=FALSE}
# to reproduce these slides do:
pkgs = c("rgdal", "sf", "geojsonsf")
install.packages(pkgs)
```

--


```{r setup, include=FALSE, echo=FALSE}
options(htmltools.dir.version = FALSE)

```

```{r, eval=FALSE, echo=FALSE}
# get ods data
if(!file.exists("veh0105.ods")) {
  download.file("https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/830778/veh0101.ods", "veh0101.ods")
  download.file("https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/794455/veh0103.ods", "veh0103.ods")
  download.file("https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/830779/veh0104.ods", "veh0104.ods")
  download.file("https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/794433/veh0105.ods", "veh0105.ods")
  download.file("https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/830786/veh0128.ods", "veh0128.ods")
}
# veh0101 = readODS::read.ods("veh0101.ods")
# veh0103 = readODS::read.ods("veh0103.ods")
# veh0104 = readODS::read.ods("veh0104.ods")
# veh0105 = readODS::read.ods("veh0105.ods")
# veh0128 = readODS::read.ods("veh0128.ods")
library(tidyverse)
veh0128 = readr::read_csv("https://github.com/ropensci/stats19/releases/download/1.1.0/veh0128.csv")
veh_names = "QASHQAI|fiesta")
veh0128_sub = veh0128 %>% 
  filter(str_match(string = `Generic model 1`, veh_names))
```


--

## Source [Jato: SUVs make up 40% of total car registrations](https://www.jato.com/suvs-make-up-40-of-total-car-registrations-as-the-european-market-records-its-best-october-result-since-2009/)

--


???

---



background-image: url(https://cdn1.carbuyer.co.uk/sites/carbuyer_d7/files/styles/insert_main_wide_image/public/car_images/peugeot_3008_cutout_best_mid_suv_2019bestbuys.jpg?itok=GMiNNkDy)

--

# Largely unnoticed

In tax band E, D or even A - C for electrics

![](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/1825120/69948517-b4b54180-14e7-11ea-8dca-ed2172d5789e.png)

---

# Defining SUVs

.pull-left[

No standard [definition](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport_utility_vehicle#British_English)

- In USA: "rugged automotive vehicle similar to a station wagon but built on a light-truck chassis"
- In UK: "powerful vehicle with four-wheel drive that can be driven over rough ground. The abbreviation SUV is often used."
]

.pull-right[

Data on weight and height is hard to come by

https://www.epa.gov/compliance-and-fuel-economy-data/data-cars-used-testing-fuel-economy

MOT data excludes weight: https://www.gov.uk/transport/car-motorcycle-and-van-mot-tests

But we do have good data on tax band

]

## Suggestion: define on weight (energy, size) + height (colision height)

---



---

background-image: url(https://informedforlife.org/demos/FCKeditor/UserFiles/Image/weight%20graph%20with%20ave.%20passenger%20vehicle.png)

Source `https://www.bogleheads.org/forum/viewtopic.php?t=281280`

???

Previously my cars have always been midsize sedans. Chevrolets, Mazdas, etc. My intent was and may be still to purchase a more economical commuter. I test drove a Civic, Accord, Elantra, Sonata, Camry, Mazda3, Mazda6, Corolla, and Camry. I'm nothing if not thorough about figuring this out. I've noticed a huge uptick in the average size of vehicles around me during my 2 hours of round trip commuting each day (this is a newer job).

I really noticed this from the drivers seat of a Honda Civic. It seems like only about 10% of the vehicles in my area are actual cars anymore. Pickups, SUVs, Crossovers, Minivans. I never used to feel like safety was a major concern in a smaller vehicle, but it just seems like in the event of a crash I would be much more likely to be on the... squished... end of the accident. Is this unreasonable?
---

Huge cobenefits of downsizing

```{r, echo=FALSE, out.width="70%"}
knitr::include_graphics("https://royalsocietypublishing.org/cms/attachment/6cf8790d-1cc3-4e01-b140-e913718b3f2e/rsta20160364f03.jpg")
```

Serrenho et al (2022) The impact of reducing car weight on global emissions: the future fleet in Great Britain  https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0364


???

2008 book by Scott Burkun aimed at software architects

Too techy for me, about managing 100s of people!

---

### A *Sport* Utility Vehicle for the 21st Century

<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/gZ7iGl3j10w?start=10" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>

Source: [Quicab](https://www.crowdfunder.co.uk/quicab-e-assisted-cycle-taxis-for-london)

- Slower
- Lighter
- Physical activity
- Better air quality

--

### Saves lives


???

2015 book by Daniel Levitin

Too techy for me, about managing 100s of people!

---

.pull-left[

```{r, echo=FALSE}
knitr::include_graphics("https://ec.europa.eu/easme/sites/easme-site/files/getreal_growinggap_e_year2022.jpg")
```

]

--

.pull-right[

## Real world emissions have diverged

## EU tests show size of gap

See the [Get Real report](https://www.get-real.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Get-Real-CO2-report.pdf)

]

---

## Road crash data

### From open STATS19 data (stats19 R package)

![](https://docs.ropensci.org/stats19/articles/stats19-vehicles_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-7-1.png)


---

### Next steps

![](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Robinlovelace/stats19-gisruk/master/README_files/figure-gfm/unnamed-chunk-25-1.png)
.pull-left[

Crash data vs size (engine + tax data)

]

--

.pull-right[

Estimate potential lives saved

]

---

class: center, middle

# Thanks!

Contact me at r. lovelace at leeds ac dot uk (email), `@robinlovelace` (twitter + github)

--

Check-out my repos at https://github.com/robinlovelace/

--

For more information on stats19 data, see [*stats19 on GitHub*](https://docs.ropensci.org/stats19/)

--

Thanks to all the R developers who made this possible, including (for this presentation):

[remark.js](https://remarkjs.com), [**knitr**](http://yihui.name/knitr), and [R Markdown](https://rmarkdown.rstudio.com).

Slides created via the R package [**xaringan**](https://github.com/yihui/xaringan).

--

Thanks to everyone for building a open and collaborative communities!
